栽培与野生马蓝叶及花粉粒的扫描电镜特征比较  

Comparison on leaf epidermis cell and pollen grain characteristics between cultivated and wild Baphicacanthus cusia(Nees) Bremek. by the observation under scanning electron microscope

作　　者：刘家水[1] 张丹雁[1] 陈奕龙[1] 梁欣健[1] 陈伟华[1] 

机构地区：[1]广州中医药大学中药学院,广东广州510006

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2012年第24期12-14,F0002,共4页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(2010B030700067)

摘　　要：比较栽培与野生马蓝叶表皮细胞和花粉粒扫描电镜的特征差异,探讨不同生长环境对马蓝的影响。分别采集栽培与野生马蓝的成龄叶片和成熟花粉粒,采用扫描电镜对叶片和花粉粒的表面形态特征进行对比分析。结果表明,栽培马蓝气孔器的极轴与赤道轴长度比为1.2(±0.2),野生品为1.4(±0.1),差异显著;栽培马蓝的气孔指数为36.0(±4.2)%,野生品为18.8(±3.6)%,差异极显著;栽培马蓝的腺鳞指数为7.8(±0.8)%,野生品为3.6(±0.9)%,差异极显著;而两者的钟乳体指数、花粉粒形态无显著差异。栽培与野生马蓝叶表皮细胞表面特征的差异,体现了植物结构与生态环境的相关性和适应性;两者花粉粒性状稳定,尚无孢粉学变异。In this paper, the ditferences of leaf epidermis cell and pollen grain characteristics between cultivated and wild Baphicacanthus crania （Nees） Bremek order to are compared, to explore the influence of different growth environment on B. cusia （Nees） Bremek. The leaves and pollens of cultivated and wild B. cusia （Nees） Bremek are collected, their surface morphology and microstructure are observed and compared respectively by scanning electron microscope. The results showed that the length ratio between poler axis and equatorial axis of stomatal apparatus of cultivated B. cusia （Nees） Bremek is 1.2（-＋0.2） and wild B. cusia （Nees） Bremek is 1.4（±0.1）, both have significant difference. The stomatal index of cultivated B. crania （Nees） Bremek. is 36.0（±4.2）% and wild B. cusia （Nees） Bremek is 18.8 （±3.6）%, both have highly significant difference. The glandular scale index of cultivated and wild B. cusia （Nees） Bremek is 7.8（±0.8）% and 3.6 （±0.9）% respectively, both have highly significant difference. The cystolith index and pollen morphology have no significant difference between cultivated and wild B. cusia （Nees） Bremek. The different characteristics of leaf epidermis cells reflect the correlation and accessibility between plant structure and ecological environment. The pollen morphology of cultivated and wild B. cusia （Nees） Bremek are stable, which have no sporopollen variation.

关 键 词：马蓝 叶表皮细胞 花粉粒 扫描电镜 

分 类 号：S567.239[农业科学—中草药栽培]