直立穗型粳稻品种不同穗位子粒充实度研究  

Grain Filling of Different Spikelet Position of Panicle Erectness Japonica Rice Cultivars

作　　者：李兴涛[1,2] 佟晓楠[2] 呼楠[1] 程海涛[1] 曹萍[1] 吕文彦[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学农学院/辽宁北方粳稻育种重点实验室,沈阳110161 [2]赣南师范学院生命和环境科学学院,江西赣州341000

出　　处：《沈阳农业大学学报》2012年第4期401-405,共5页Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University

基　　金：辽宁省教育厅科研基金项目(2009A637);辽宁省自然科学基金项目(20102194)

摘　　要：中国北方直立穗型水稻品种具有与国际水稻研究所(IRRI)的新株型稻相似的株型和较高的单产,但与传统弯穗型品种相比,存在子粒充实不良现象。但粒位间子粒充实差异及其改善潜力如何,未有明确结论。为此,比较研究了直、弯两类品种不同穗位子粒的充实差异,并通过自上而下的梯度减库处理来改变源库关系,进而研究直立穗型品种下部弱势粒粒重形成差异。结果表明:整体而言,直立穗品种子粒密度≥1.06的粒数百分比显著低于弯穗品种,并且,直立穗品种的顶端穗位子粒充实度(93.81±4.39)显著高于弯穗品种(85.95±3.06),而下部穗位子粒充实度(62.65±3.23)显著低于弯穗品种(78.68±3.89);直立穗型品种基部一次枝梗子粒千粒重比二次枝梗子粒千粒重重7g,随减库梯度增加,二者均有增加,千粒重差异减少,但二次枝梗子粒千粒重始终极显著低于同一穗位一次枝梗;减库处理能使直立穗型品种基部二次枝梗子粒的胚乳细胞数目增加、分裂速度加快,但是始终达不到顶端一级枝梗的水平。The breeding of japonica varieties with panicle erectness （PE） has recently progressed in the northern part of China, because these varieties exhibit far higher grain yield than the varieties with drooping panicle （DP）. However PE varieties have poor grain filling problem. We tried to find the difference of the grain filling of different position spikelets of PE and DP varieties, and to clarify the reason in poor filling grain of low panicle of PE varieties by reducing source-sink ratio method. Results showed the grain filling level of up panicle of PE varieties was higher than that of the DP varieties, but the grain filling level of low panicle of PE varieties was lower than that of the DP varieties. 1000-grain weight （TGW） of secondary branches of low panicle of Liaoxingl （PE） became heavier with reducing source-sink ratio, but the TGW of secondary branches of low panicle could not reach the level of the primary branches of up panicle. With cutting parts of panicle, the endosperm cell division rate and endosperm cell number of secondary branches on low panicles of Liaoxingl might increase but they could not reach the level of primary branches of up panicle, indicating that source limitation is not the cause of poor grain filling.

关 键 词：粳稻 直立穗 子粒充实 减库处理 二次枝梗 源库比例 

分 类 号：S511.2[农业科学—作物学]