支持向量机和邻接法在夜蛾科昆虫条码研究中的应用  

Species identification of Noctuidae (Insecta: Lepidopera) with DNA barcoding of support vector machine and neighbor-joining method

作　　者：李俊[1] 韩辉林[2] 高强[1] 金倩[1] 迟美妍[1] 武春生[3] 张爱兵[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学生命科学学院,北京100048 [2]东北林业大学林学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150040 [3]中国科学院动物研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《生物安全学报》2012年第4期308-314,共7页Journal of biosafety

基　　金：北京市自然基金重点项目(KZ201010028028);北京市人才强教项目(PHR201107120);国家自然科学基金项目(31071963;31272340;31272355)

摘　　要：【背景】鳞翅目夜蛾科昆虫种类繁多,目前已经超过3.5万种,绝大多数是农林生产的主要害虫。由于多数近缘属种形态相似,难以鉴定,给农林害虫的防治工作带了很大的困难。DNA条形码技术是一种快速、准确鉴定物种的方法。支持向量机作为一种新的机器学习方法,自1995年被提出以来已经在数据分类和高维模式识别等领域取得不错的效果。【方法】将北京妙峰山采集的58种夜蛾101个样品的COⅠ序列分成3套数据集,分别通过邻接法和支持向量机对其进行验证。【结果】通过对DNA条形码物种鉴定结果的验证表明,邻接法优于支持向量机。但DNA条形码在鉴定夜蛾科的一些近缘种上,效果不佳,如棉铃虫和烟青虫。【结论与意义】DNA条形码作为一种新兴的物种鉴定方法,在分类学上具有很高的应用价值。通过邻接法和支持向量机的比较,虽然支持向量机的成功率低于邻接法,但是其在DNA条形码中的应用是对数据问询方式的一种探索。[ Background ] Several major pests in agriculture and forestry belong to the lepidopteran family of Noctuidae, which are of- ten difficult to distinguish morphologically. As a fast and accurate approach to the identification of species, DNA barcoding is used in identification since 2003. This, accompanied with a machine learning method, the support vector machine （SVM） has achieved good results in data classification, high dimensional pattern recognition and other fields. The combination of these two methods holds promise to ease the correct identification of noctuids, which would improve pest control efforts. [ Method] DNA barcodes of the mito- chondrial cytochrome oxidase c subunit I （COl） gene, divided into three sets of databases, were tested by the neighbor-joining （NJ） method and the SVM. We used 101 specimens of 58 species of Noctuidae which were identified by experts. These specimens were collected mainly from the Miaofeng Mountain, north of Miaofengshan Town, Beijing, China. [ Result] The NJ method proved to be superior to the SVM. However, some important species, Such as Helicoverpa armigera and H. assulta, could not be distinguished in the N J-tree. [ Conclusion and significance ] As a new technology of species identification, DNA barcoding can provide assistance in problems in taxonomy; combination with the NJ method gave better support than the SVM.

关 键 词：DNA条形码 夜蛾科 支持向量机 邻接法 近缘种 

分 类 号：S433.4[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S763.42[农业科学—植物保护] Q969[生物学—昆虫学]