小浪底水库浮泥层水动力学特性初探  

Fluid Mud Layer on the Hydrodynamic Characteristics in Xiaolangdi Reservoir

作　　者：李昆鹏[1] 王瑞 马怀宝[1] 李涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]黄河水利科学研究院水利部黄河泥沙重点实验室,郑州450003 [2]开封市环境监测站,河南开封475000

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2013年第1期35-38,共4页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51179072);水利部公益性行业科研专项(200901015);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(HKY-JBYW-2012-07)

摘　　要：小浪底水库在近库底形成浮泥层后不仅涉及本次洪水泥沙输移,而且对后期洪水泥沙输移产生影响。目前人们对水库浮泥层水动力学特性从未开展过研究,因此对该问题进行深入分析,对水库淤积及排沙具有重要意义。本文采用理论分析和试验相结合,重点研究小浪底水库浮泥的形成过程、流变特性、平衡坡度以及起动特性。结果表明:小浪底水库浮泥是接近水库底部的一层高含沙水体,它与上层水体间有明显的界面,且具有很大的流动性;其宾汉极限剪应力、刚度系数、平衡坡度都与容重有着密切的关系;在水库坝前排沙底孔打开的情况下,后期洪水产生的能量足够大时,可将浮泥层重新起动并排沙出库。Near the bottom to form a floating sludge layer not only relates to the flood and sediment transport in Xiaolangdi reservoir, but also for the later flood sediment transport influence. One of the people on the reservoir Hydrodynamic characteristics have never been studied, no unified understanding, therefore the question carries on the preliminary analysis, the reservoir sedimentation and sand has important significance. This article used the theoretical analysis and experimental simulation methods focus on the Xiaolangdi reservoir floating sludge formation conditions, rheological properties, equilibrium slope and the current operation of the corresponding. The results show that： the Xiaolangdi reservoir mud is close to the reservoir at the bottom of the high sediment concentration water, it and the upper bodies of water have obvious interface, and has great mobility; its Bingham limiting shear stress, stiffness coefficient, balance gradient and density are closely related; In front of dam s Desilting Bottom Outlet open the case, later flood generates enough energy density flow when the early reservoir, mud drive and out.

关 键 词：浮泥 异重流 流变特性 平衡坡度 小浪底水库 

分 类 号：TV145.22[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]