老年期痴呆患者直系亲属的生活质量及影响因素调查研究  

QOL of Immediate Family Members of Senile Dementia Patients and Its Influencing Factors

作　　者：于华[1] 金奕 崔君霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津中医药大学,天津市300073 [2]环湖医院护理部

出　　处：《中国全科医学》2013年第2期171-175,共5页Chinese General Practice

摘　　要：目的了解居家老年期痴呆患者直系亲属的生活质量及其影响因素。方法对90例老年期痴呆患者直系亲属采用横断面调查法,使用简明健康调查量表(SF-36)和Zarit照料者负担问卷(ZBI)了解直系亲属生活质量。结果老年期痴呆患者直系亲属的ZBI评分为(25.2±11.9)分。直系亲属的SF-36各维度得分均低于国内常模(P<0.05)。空巢痴呆患者配偶的SF-36各维度评分与温州空巢老人比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。bivariate分析结果显示,ZBI总分、亲属年龄、照顾时间与SF-36各维度评分呈负相关(P<0.05)。多元线性回归分析结果显示:亲属年龄、亲属性别、亲属患病情况、亲属职业、与患者关系、ZBI总分、患者职业、居住类型对亲属SF-36评分的影响有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论居家老年期痴呆患者直系亲属生活质量相对较低,护理人员应加强院外指导,帮助亲属采取合适的应对方式,巩固其社会支持,减少照料者负担,最终提高直系亲属的生活质量。Objective To investigate the quality of life （QOL） of immediate family members of senile dementia （SD） patients and its influencing factors. Methods A cross - sectional survey was conducted to investigate, using Short Form of Health Survey Questionnaire （SF -36） and Zarit Caregiver Burden Interview （ZBI）, the QOL of 90 SD patients＇s immediate family members. Results The ZBI scores of immediate family members was （25.2 ± 11.9）. The SF - 36 assessment scores of their immediate family members were lower than those of national norms in varying dimensions （P 〈 0. 05 ）. There was significant difference in SF -36 scores in varying dimensions between spouses of empty - nest SD patients and empty - nesters in Wenzhou （P 〈0.05）. bivariate analysis showed that ZBI total score, age of relatives, caring length of time were negatively correlated with SF - 36 scores in varying dimensions （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the difference was significant in effect on SF- 36 scores between relatives＇ different ages, genders, occupations, states of illness, relationships to patients, ZBI total scores, patients＇ occupations and residence types （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion QOL of home immediate family members of SD patients is relatively low. Nurses should strengthen guidance outside hospital to help patients＇ relatives take appropriate response, consolidate social support, reduce the burden on caregivers and improve their QOL.

关 键 词：阿尔茨海默病 痴呆 血管性 老年人 亲属 生活质量 影响因素 

分 类 号：R749.16[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]