中国国有企业对外直接投资与体制改革  

State-owned Enterprises’ Outward Investment and the Structural Reform in China

作　　者：宋立刚[1] 杨继东[2] 张永生[3] 苟琴[4] 

机构地区：[1]澳大利亚国立大学克劳福德经济与政府学院 [2]中国人民大学经济学院 [3]国务院发展研究中心 [4]北京大学国家发展研究院

出　　处：《国际经济评论》2013年第1期75-86,6,共12页International Economic Review

摘　　要：自2001年加入WTO以来，中国在对外直接投资活动中处在一段陡峭的学习曲线上，国有企业在其中发挥着主要的作用。考虑到其对国内改革可能的影响，国有企业海外投资是一把双刃剑。海外投资可以为深化中国体制改革提供契机，但与此同时，也会加强部分国有企业的垄断地位，从而不尽符合国内改革目标。因此，在竞争性、所有制以及监管方面深化国内改革，对于中国最大限度地受益于海外投资十分重要。建立与市场兼容的制度将会带动不断创新，从而为中国企业更有效地追赶技术前沿和在海外市场保持竞争力提供机遇。Since its accession to the WTO in 2001, China has been on a steep learning curve in terms of outward direct investment (ODI) activities, and its State-owned enterprises (SOEs) have played a predominant role in that drive. We argue that investment overseas by SOEs is a double-edged sword as far as its impact on domestic reform is concerned. Investing overseas offers opportunities to deepen domestic structural reform, but it could also strengthen the monopoly position of some SOEs, which is inconsistent with the objective of domestic reform. Therefore, it is very important for China to deepen domestic reform with respect to competition, ownership and regulation so as to maximize the benefits from overseas investment. This article also discusses how building market-compatible institutions will result in increased corporate innovation, which will provide opportunities for Chinese firms to effectively catch up with their international rivals in terms of technology and maintain their competitiveness in overseas markets.

关 键 词：跨国公司 对外直接投资 国有企业 体制改革 

分 类 号：F276.1[经济管理—企业管理] F832.6[经济管理—国民经济]