重庆市碘缺乏病的现况调查  

Investigation and analysis on current situation of iodine deficiency disease in Chongqing

作　　者：肖邦忠[1] 罗兴建[1] 李心术[1] 吴成果[1] 陈静[1] 陈亚琳[1] 黄文利[1] 谢军[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆市疾病预防控制中心,重庆400042

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2013年第3期555-557,560,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：重庆市科委科技攻关项目(CSTC;2008AB5054)

摘　　要：目的掌握重庆市碘缺乏病现状,为制定防治方案提供依据。方法每个区县随机抽取9个乡镇检查居民食用盐含碘量;抽取东、西、南、北、中5所小学8～10岁儿童各20人检测尿碘;在尿碘检查的学校中抽取1所学校8～10岁60人检查甲状腺;用χ2检验和趋势分析(F)作统计学处理。结果在全市40个区县检查居民食用盐14217户,碘盐覆盖率为98.90%,最低为95.28%,最高为100.00%,合格碘盐食用率为95.59%,最低的区县为90.00%,最高的区县为99.72%;尿碘检测4050人,中位数为247.20μg/L,300μg/L以上占37.10%,区县中位数100～200μg/L占25%(10/40),200～300μg/L占57.5%(23/40),﹥300μg/L占17.5%(7/40);甲状腺检查2393人,肿大率触诊法为7.02%,B超为6.64%,区县肿大率触诊和B超法最低均为5.00%,最高均为8.33%,8、9、10岁年龄组儿童触诊法分别为6.68%(53/793)、6.54%(53/811)、7.86%(62/789),B超法分别为6.81%(54/793)、7.64%(62/811)、5.45%(43/789)。结论重庆市居民食用碘盐措施巩固,人群碘营养充足,儿童甲状腺肿大率已降到较低水平,碘缺乏病防治工作取得显著成效。但存在碘过量,须降低食盐加碘浓度。OBJECTIVE To analyze current situation and related factors of iodine deficiency disease （IDD） in Chongqing, and to provide scientific basis for IDD control and prevention. METHODS 9 towns were randomly selected in each county to de- tect residents＇ diet idolized salt. 5 schools were selected from the east, west, south, north and middle areas of Chongqing, and 20 children aged from 8 to 10 were selected from each school to inspect urinary iodine. 60 children aged 8-10 year from one of the selected schools were inspected with thyroid of. χ2 test and t-test were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS Diet idolized salt investigation was conducted in 14 217 families in 40 counties. The average coverage of iodized salt was 98.90%, which ranged from 95.28% to 100%. The average qualified iodized salt rate was 95.59%, which ranged from 90% to 99.72%. The uri- nary iodine investigation was conducted in 4 050 people, and the urinary iodine median was 247.20 μg/L, 37.10% of which were more than 300 μg/L. 25% （10/40）. Medians urinary iodine in the counties was 100-200 μg/L.57.5% （23/40） of coun- ties＇ urinary iodine medians were 200-300 μg/L, and 17.5% （7/40） were higher than 300 μg/L. The goiter investigation was conducted in 2, 393 individuals. The goiter rate was 7.02% by palpation and 6.64% by B ultrasound, both of which ranged from 5.00% to 8.33%. The goiter rate of children aged 8 years old, 9 years old and 10 years old were 6.68% （53/793）, 6.54% （53/811）, 7.86% （62/789） and 6.81% （54/793）, 7.64% （62/811）, 5.45% （43/789） by B ultrasound separately. CON- CLUSION It can be concluded that the countermeasure of resident＇ s diet idolized salt is strengthened and the work of IDD con- trol and prevention is effective. Population iodine is sufficient and child goiter rate has been controlled to a low level. But iodine is excessive in Chongqing, and salt iodine should be reduced.

关 键 词：碘缺乏病 碘盐 甲状腺肿 尿碘 

分 类 号：R599[医药卫生—内科学]