考虑早晚高峰出行链的出行方式选择均衡与定价机制  

Mode choice equilibrium and pricing mechanisms considering peak trip chain

作　　者：卢晓珊[1] 黄海军[1] 刘天亮[1] 邓齐 

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学经济管理学院,北京100191 [2]北京首都航空有限公司,北京100027

出　　处：《系统工程理论与实践》2013年第1期167-174,共8页Systems Engineering-Theory & Practice

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委创新研究群体基金(70821061);北京航空航天大学博士生创新基金(300528)

摘　　要：考虑从生活区与工作区之间的早晚高峰出行链,研究三种出行方式:地铁直达,停车换乘和全程驾车.基于瓶颈理论,建立了分层Logit模型刻画出行者的交通方式决策行为,利用弹性需求下的出行方式选择均衡等式,进一步讨论了四种机制下的地铁票价和停车收费策略.研究结果表明,地铁和换乘停车场由政府经营,采用低票价的政策吸引出行者,而工作区停车场由公司经营,实行高停车费的政策,不仅能有效鼓励停车换乘,提高公交出行分担率,并且能实现系统净收益最大.算例结果从理论上支持了当前北京施行的差别化停车收费政策.This paper studies the mode choice problem considering the peak travel chain in a day. The transportation system comprises a subway parallel to a bottleneck-constrained highway between a residen- tial area and a working place. Commuters can get their destinations by either auto or transit only; besides these two modes, they can drive to the bottleneck, park there and then take subway to the destination. Based on the bottleneck theory, a hierarchical Logit model is used to describe commuters＇ mode choice behaviors, and then mode choice equilibrium equations under elastic demand are constructed. Further- more, optimal fare and parking fee strategies under four mechanisms are discussed. It is shown that when transit and park-and-ride place are operated by government and the working area parking lot belongs to a private enterprise, lower fares and higher parking fees in working area can effectively encourage parking interchanging, increase public transit trip contribution rate and maximize the system＇s total net benefit. Numerical results also support the current differentiation parking charge policy in Beijing.

关 键 词：方式选择 价格竞争 分层Logit模型 瓶颈模型 出行链 

分 类 号：U121[交通运输工程]