溢油分散剂及其乳化原油对海洋微藻的急性毒性效应评价  

Assessment on acute toxicity of oil spill dispersant and crude oil dispersed on marine microalgae

作　　者：徐会[1] 宋丹丹[1] 周爱华[2] 曲良 梁生康[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学化学化工学院,海洋化学理论与工程技术教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266100 [2]青岛职业技术学院,山东青岛266555 [3]中海石油环保服务有限公司,天津塘沽300452

出　　处：《海洋环境科学》2013年第1期87-91,共5页Marine Environmental Science

基　　金：国家海洋局公益性课题(201205018);中国海洋大学与中海石油环保服务(天津)联合攻关课题共同资助(2010099)

摘　　要：以96 h半致死效应浓度(96 h-EC50)为指标,比较测定了3种溢油分散剂(oil spill dispersant,OSD)、原油的水溶性成分(water accommodated fraction,WAF)以及OSD乳化作用下原油的水溶性成分(dispersed water accommodated fraction,DWAF)对海洋微藻的急性毒性效应。结果表明:所测试3种OSD中,RSA-11型和ZHY-2型的毒性明显低于RSS-6型的毒性;而RSA-11型OSD的毒性高于组成该OSD单一表面活性剂的毒性,呈现明显的协同作用;同时,OSD与原油共存时的DWAF的毒性既高于OSD单独存在时,也高于原油单独存在时WAF的毒性,表明溢油时加入OSD会增强原油对海洋微藻的毒性。The acute toxicity of three kinds of oil spill dispersant （OSD）, water accommodated fraction （WAF） and dispersed water accommodated fraction （DWAF） plus OSD on the marine microalgae was compared by the calculating 96 h half lethal concentration （ 96 h-ECso ）. The data showed that the acute toxicity of ODS named as RSA-11 and ZHY-2 was less toxic than that of ODS named as RSS-6. On the other hand, the toxicity of ODS named as RSA-11 was more toxic than that of its each surfactant ingredient. It also showed that mixture of surfaetant had a synergistic toxicity effect. Similarly, the toxicity of each DWAF was more toxic than not only that of each OSD, but also that of WAF, and also showed that addition of OSD to oil spill could enhance the toxicity to the marine mi- eroalgae.

关 键 词：溢油分散剂 原油 海洋微藻 96 h半致死效应浓度 急性毒性 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]