广州市医院成人病毒性腹泻的分子流行病学研究  

Molecular epidemiological studies of the viral diarrhea in adults of Guangzhou

作　　者：胡婷婷[1] 罗敏红[1] 冀新凤[1] 陈惠芳[1] 姚月娴[1] 黄燕惠[1] 陈清[1] 俞守义[1] 

机构地区：[1]南方医科大学公共卫生与热带医学学院,广东广州510515

出　　处：《热带医学杂志》2013年第1期20-23,共4页Journal of Tropical Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解广州市医院门诊成人病毒性腹泻的感染情况和分子流行病学特征。方法 2011年6月至2012年5月在广州市两家哨点医院收集门诊18岁以上腹泻患者粪便标本127份。采用酶联免疫技术检测A群轮状病毒,逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)方法检测粪便标本中的诺如病毒、星状病毒和札幌病毒,聚合酶链反应(PCR)检测腺病毒。结果共127份腹泻患者粪便标本,其中男性占54.33%(69/127),女性占45.67%(58/127),年龄以60岁以上所占比例最高,为25%(7/28)。127份粪便标本中,单一腹泻病毒感染25份,阳性率19.69%,其中检出轮状病毒阳性7份,阳性率5.52%(7/127);诺如病毒阳性11份,阳性率8.66%(11/127);札幌病毒3份,腺病毒阳性3份,阳性率均为2.36%(3/127);星状病毒1份,阳性率0.79%(1/127)。未见混合感染,发病具有明显的秋冬季节升高现象,诺如病毒、札幌病毒、腺病毒、星状病毒流行株为别为GII-4型、GI-2型、AD41和HAstV-1。结论医院就诊成人腹泻病例中约1/4为病毒性腹泻,其中诺如病毒是最重要的病原体,感染对象主要是60岁以上人群。Objective The aim of this study was to understand the pathogenic prevalence and molecular epidemiology of viral diarrhea in adult cases of hospital outpatients in Guangzhou. Methods A total of 127 adult outpatients with acute diarrhea were surveyed and their fecal specimens were collected at two sentinel hospitals in Guangzhou from June 2011 to May 2012. Fecal samples were determined for rotavirus（RV） by ELISA, and norovirus（NoV）, astrovirus（AstV） and Sapporo virus（SaV） were detected by using RT-PCR, and adenovirus（AdV） by PCR. Results A total of 127 objects were investigated, of which 54.33% （69/127） were males and 45.67% （58/127） were women. Patients over 60 years old contributed to the highest proportion of 25%（7/28）. 25 cases were single infection with a positive rate of 19.69%, Among which, 7 eases were rotavirus-positive, with a positive rate of 5.52% （7/127）, 11 samples were found positive for NoV, with a positive rate of 8.66% （11/127）, three samples were positive for SaV, with a positive rates of 2.36% （3/127）, three cases were AdV positive, with a positive rates of 2.36% （3/127）, and one case was AstV positive, with a positive rate of 0.79% （1/127）. No mixed infection was found. Autumn and winter were apparently have higher prevalence. NoV, SaV, AdV and AstV epidemic strains belonged to GII-4, GI-2, AD41 and HAstV-1, respectively. Conclusions A quarter of adults with diarrhea were viral diarrhea, mianly caused by NoV. Patients over 60 years old were the major group of diarrhea patients.

关 键 词：病毒性腹泻 诺如病毒 逆转录-聚合酶链反应 

分 类 号：R574.62[医药卫生—消化系统]