艾滋病群体内在歧视与外在歧视的比较研究  

A comparative study on the internal discrimination among PLWA and external discrimination from the general population

作　　者：杨芳[1] 高旭[2] 王备[3] 周菁 宋伟[5] 彭红艳[5] 

机构地区：[1]湖北省疾病预防控制中心艾滋病性病防治中心,武汉430079 [2]华东交通大学,南昌330013 [3]武汉大学公共卫生学院,武汉430071 [4]武汉弘智心理咨询中心,武汉430064 [5]武汉科技大学公共卫生学院,武汉430065

出　　处：《中国艾滋病性病》2012年第11期760-763,共4页Chinese Journal of Aids & STD

基　　金：全球基金中国艾滋病项目(GF09014)~~

摘　　要：目的比较艾滋病群体内在歧视和普通人群外在歧视的异同,为消除艾滋病歧视提供对策和建议。方法分别采用整群抽样方法和随机抽样方法,对艾滋病群体和普通人群进行问卷调查,对数据进行t检验、方差分析和相关性分析处理。结果调查124名艾滋病病人和450名普通人群。艾滋病群体内在歧视程度较高,总因子均分为3.01(最高分为4),不同感染时间的内在歧视有差异性;普通人群艾滋病知识知晓率为80.24%,外在歧视态度和行为因子均分分别为1.97和2.41。艾滋病群体内在歧视显著高于普通人群给予的外在歧视(t=3.411,P<0.01)。结论艾滋病群体需要认识到自身在歧视产生过程中的主体性,减少对歧视的夸大和偏差,同时引导普通人群在态度和行为两方面消除对艾滋病群体的歧视。Objective To compare the similarities and differences of internal discrimination among people living with AIDS（PLWA） and external discrimination from the general population,and provide countermeasures and suggestions to eliminate discrimination against AIDS.Method A survey was conducted in PLWA by cluster sampling,while another survey was conducted in the general population by random sampling method.T-test,variance analysis and correlation analysis were used to process data obtained.Results A total of 124 PLWA and 450 common people were surveyed respectively.High degree of internal discrimination existed among PLWA,and the total factors average score was 3.01（the highest score is 4）,and the internal discrimination varied with different infection time frames;the awareness rate of AIDS knowledge among the general population was 80.24%.The factors average scores of attitude and behavior of external discrimination were 1.97 and 2.41 respectively.The level of internal discrimination among PLWA was significantly higher than that of the external discrimination from the general population（t=3.411,P0.01）.Conclusion PLWA needs to recognize their subjectivity in the process of generating discrimination,and reduce the deviation and exaggeration of discrimination,and at the same time,the general population should be given appropriate guidance in order to eliminate the discrimination against PLWA both in attitude and behavior.

关 键 词：艾滋病 歧视 比较研究 心理辅导 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学]