城市宏观环境如何影响企业微观效率  

How Cities' Macro-environment Affects Companies Micro-productivity

作　　者：刘海洋[1] 孔祥贞[1] 袁鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学经济学院,辽宁大连116024

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2013年第2期144-149,共6页China Population,Resources and Environment

基　　金：教育部人文社科青年项目(编号:11YJC790101);辽宁经济社会发展立项课题(编号:2011lslktjjx-85);中央高校基本科研业务费(编号:DUT12RW311;DUT12RW415)

摘　　要：通过营造良好宏观环境来促进本地企业发展是我国各级政府追求的目标,但宏观环境通过什么途径影响企业发展却少有探讨。最近发展起来的"新"新经济地理将影响途径归结为产业集聚、人才归类和市场选择三大效应。本文运用中国286个城市120余万家企业的微观数据检验了上述结论,发现:①上述三大效应能够显著提高企业生产效率;②传统的新经济地理过高估计了产业集聚的作用;③城市行政级别、社会管理人员比重过高会强烈降低企业效率;④与郊区企业相比,城市市区的企业效率受上述效应的影响更加显著。因而中国企业的集约式增长有赖于城市化运动、减少政府行政干预和市场充分竞争。Through creating a favorable macro environment to promote the development of local companies is the goal of government at all levels. However, the specific channels of macro environment affecting companies＇ development were seldom explored. In the viewpoint of New New Economic Geography, the productivity of companies is affected by the environment through agglomeration, sorting and selection effect. Using the data of 1.2 million companies＇ in 286 cities of China, we found： ① the above effects can significantly improve the productivity of firms; ② the role of agglomeration was overestimated in New Economic Geography; ③ the administrative level of a city and proportion of officers will strongly reduce productivity; ④ companies in urban were more significantly area affected by these factors. Therefore, the intensive growth of Chinese companies depends on the urbanization, education, less administration and full competition.

关 键 词：新新经济地理 宏观环境 城市 生产效率 

分 类 号：F270.5[经济管理—企业管理]