医学生职业决策自我效能与心理健康状况的相关性研究  

Correlation between career decision-making self-efficacy and psychological well-being of medical students

作　　者：崔焱[1] 刘晓[1] 朱璐[1] 丁亚萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学护理学院,210029

出　　处：《中华医学教育探索杂志》2013年第1期79-83,共5页Chinese Journal of Medical Education Research

基　　金：江苏省高校哲学社会科学基金（09SJB880045）

摘　　要：目的了解医学类大学生的职业决策自我效能状况和心理健康程度，并探讨两者的相关性。方法采取分层整群随机抽样的方法，抽取某医科大学714名不同专业不同年级的学生进行职业决策自我效能和SCL-90症状自评量表问卷调查，并分析两量表结果的相关性。两样本问均数比较采用t检验，组间比较用单因素方差分析，并用S—N-K法进行两两比较，采用Pearson相关矩阵及Partial偏相关分析法进行相关性研究。结果共回收有效问卷659份，应答率为92．3％。医学生职业决策自我效能总分为（124．72±26．76），总体职业决策自我效能处于有些困难的水平。不同性别、不同来源地、不同年级、学生干部与非学生干部医学生职业决策自我效能总分存在差异（P值分别为0．019，0．000，0．027，0．026）；是否独生子女和不同专业问的医学生自我效能总分间差异无统计学意义（P值分别为0．243，0．223）。SCL-90量表调查结果显示，医学生不良心理症状较为显著，较为突出的为强迫症状、人际关系敏感和焦虑。相关性分析显示，心理健康程度与职业决策自我效能呈负相关。结论应针对医学生的心理特征，强化职业规划技能，以提高其职业决策自我效能水平，进而改善其不良心理状况。Objective To investigate the career decision-making self-efficacy as well as the psychological well-being of medical students and to discuss the correlation between them. Methods A cross-sectional survey with cluster random sampling was performed anonymously among 714 students of different majors and different grades in an medical University. The contents of the survey included the career decision making self-efficacy scale （CDMSE） as well as the se]T-reporting inventory（SCL-90）. All data in the two groups were analyzed with t test; comparison of data between groups were analyzed with One-Way ANOVA ; multiple comparison was analyzed with S-N-K; Pearson and Partial correlation analysis were used to analyzed the correlation between the career decision making self-efficacy and well- being. Results Totally 659 students completed the inventory, with response rate being 92. 3 %. Aver- age score of the participants＇ career decision-making self-efficacy was （124.72 ± 26.76 ）points, situa- ting at the middle and lower level. There were differences in the scores of career decision making selfefficacy among different sexes, sources, grades and being student cadres or not （P = 0. 019, 0. 000, 0. 027, 0.026 ） ; No differences was found among students of different majors and whether being the only ehild（P = 0. 243, 0. 223 ）. Results of the SCL-90 inventory demonstrated that medical students had some psychological problems including obsessive-compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity and anxiety.Correlation analysis showed that psychological well-being and career decision-making self-efficacy was negatively correlated. Conclusions Measures should be taken to improve the medical students＇ career decision-making self-efficacy according to their psychological characteristics and to improve the medical students＇ psychological status by the improvement of career decision-making self-efficacy.

关 键 词：医学生 职业决策 自我效能 心理症状 

分 类 号：R-05[医药卫生] G44[哲学宗教—心理学]