半碳酸二步法精制糖生产工艺职业病危害识别与分析  

Identification and analysis of occupational hazards in production engineering of refined sugar with semi-carbonate process

作　　者：乔娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市化工职业病防治院,100093

出　　处：《职业与健康》2013年第3期319-321,共3页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的分析广西地区以甘蔗为原料利用半碳酸二步法生产精制白糖工艺中的职业病危害情况,提出合理、可行的防护对策,为行政部门对甘蔗制糖生产企业的职业卫生监管提供科学依据。方法对作业现场进行职业卫生学调查,对工作场所职业病危害因素浓度(强度)检测结果及接触职业病危害因素作业人员的职业健康检查结果进行分析。结果与传统的碳酸法工艺相比,半碳酸二步法精制糖生产工艺较为先进,作业人员接触化学有害因素浓度基本符合职业接触限值要求,压榨、分蜜和筛分等环节噪声超标较为严重,超标率为40%。接触噪声作业人员听力损失43人,占40%。结论噪声和高温是该工艺中需关键控制的职业病危害因素,企业应加强职业卫生管理,特别应加强对该工艺中噪声的控制。[ Objective] To analyze the occupational hazards of semi-carbonate two-step in refined sugar production process from sugarcane in Guangxi, put forward reasonable and feasible protection countermeasures, and provide scientific basis for the government carrying out occupational health supervision in cane sugar production enterprises. [ Methods ] An occupational health survey was conducted in operation site. The concentration （ intensity ） of occupational risk factors in the workplaces and the results of occupational health examination in exposure workers were analyzed. [ Results ] The technology of semi-carbonate two-step in refined sugar production process was more advanced than traditional carbonation process. The concentrations of chemical harmful factors met the standard of occupational exposure limits. The noise in squeeze, purging and screening process exceeded the standard severely, and the exceeding standard rate was 40%. 43 workers exposed to noise had hearing loss, which accounted for 40%. [ Conclusion] The noise and high temperature are the occupational hazard critical factors in this construction project. Enterprises should strengthen the occupational health management, especially in controlling the noise.

关 键 词：半碳酸法 二步法 甘蔗制糖 职业病危害 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]