烟台市362例学龄前儿童生长发育Z评分与身体素质现状及其相互关系  

Z scores for growth and development,physical fitness,and the relationship between them in 362 preschool children in Yantai City,China

作　　者：史祝梅[1] 周君华[1] 王爱华[1] 汪爱丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]鲁东大学体育学院,山东烟台264025

出　　处：《中国当代儿科杂志》2013年第2期125-128,共4页Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics

基　　金：山东省社会科学规划课题(11CTYZ07)

摘　　要：目的探讨烟台市学龄前儿童生长发育Z评分、身体素质状况以及Z评分与身体素质间的关系,为儿童保健工作提供科学依据。方法以2010年国民体质监测烟台地区幼儿组资料中3～4岁儿童362人为研究对象,计算年龄别体重、年龄别身高、年龄别体重指数三项Z评分,及Z评分与身体素质间进行Pearson相关分析。结果 Z评分均值均为正值,低体重、生长迟缓的发生率极低,但肥胖发生率较高(4岁男童高达16.5%);儿童的身体素质存在年龄和性别差异(P<0.05);Z评分与部分身体素质指标间存在一定相关关系(P<0.05),但密切程度不高(r值均未超过0.30)。结论烟台市学龄前儿童生长发育Z评分保持在较高水平;儿童身体素质与年龄和性别有关;Z评分与部分身体素质间有低度相关关系。应采取积极措施调整儿童饮食习惯、加强体育锻炼,预防肥胖、提高身体素质。Objective To investigate the Z scores for growth and development, physical fitness, and the relationship between them in preschool children in Yantai City, China, and to provide scientific evidence for health care in children. Methods A total of 362 children aged 3 to 4 years, whose data were recorded in the National Physical Fitness Survey in Yantai in 2010, were included in the study. Z scores for weight-for-age, height-for-age and body mass index-for-age were calculated. The relationship between Z scores and physical fitness was determined by Pearson＇s correlation analysis. Results The mean Z scores were all positive numbers. The prevalence rates of underweight and growth retardation were very low, but that of obesity was relatively high （up to 16.5% in 4-year-old boys）. There were differences in physical fitness between children of different ages and between boys and girls （P 〈 0.05）. The Z scores showed correlation with some physical fitness indices （P 〈 0.05） , but they were not closely correlated as the value of r was not more than 0.30. Conclusions Z scores for growth and development remain at relatively high levels in preschool children in Yantai. The physical fitness is associated with age and gender in these children. There are weak correlations between Z scores and some physical fitness indices. Effective measures should be taken to adjust dietary habits and promote exercise for children, thus preventing obesity and improving physical fitness.

关 键 词：Z评分 身体素质 相关关系 学龄前儿童 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]