油茶果实经济性状及含油率比较  

Comparative Study of Economic Characters and Oil Contents of Oil Tea

作　　者：陈丽[1] 刘映良[1] 柳青[1] 王委[1] 张卫方[1] 

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学生命科学学院,贵州贵阳550001

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2012年第5期162-165,共4页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划项目"石漠化综合治理与植被恢复技术研究"(2006BAD03A0303)

摘　　要：为了探索油茶不同品种种子、种仁含油率及其与果实经济性状间的相关性,对贵州黎平东风林场油茶物种园的12种油茶品种种子、种仁含油率及果实经济性状进行了研究。结果表明:1)油茶的种仁含油率为34.34%～52.32%,平均为44.30%,变异系数为14.14%;种子含油率为14.22%～36.67%,平均值为26.57%,变异系数为32.77%,种间差异较大。2)果实经济性状中,果实质量和种籽质量品种间差异较大,而果形指数品种间差异较小;广西柏白大果果实经济性状变异系数最小,差异性小属稳产品种,德化红花油茶变异系数最大,差异性大。3)与油茶种仁含油率呈显著正相关的有种子含油率和鲜籽出干籽率;呈显著负相关的为鲜籽含水量;与油茶种子含油率呈显著正相关的有种仁含油率和鲜籽出鲜种仁率,其呈负相关的最高指标是鲜籽含水量;与油茶鲜籽率呈显著正相关的有鲜果出干籽率、果形指数,呈显著负相关的有单果质量、单果心室数和单果籽数。In order to explore the correlation of seed oil content,kernel oil content and fruit economic characters of different oil tea varieties,12 kinds of Camellia oleifera from Dongfeng Forest Species Park in Liping County of Guizhou were as the research objects.The results were as follows： 1） Oil content of kernel ranged from 52.32% to 34.34%,44.30% on average;The variation coefficient was 14.14%.Oil content of seed ranged from 36.67% to 14.22%,26.57% on average;The variation coefficient was 32.77%.There were great differences among the strains.2） The study of the fruit economic characteristics showed that different strains of fruits and seeds had significant differences in quality,but little differences in fruit shape index.Dehua Red Flower oil tea had the minimum variation coefficient among studied strains.On the contrary,Bobai Big Fruit oil tea had the maximum variation coefficient among studied strains.3） Oil content of kernel was significantly positively correlated to oil content of seed and dry seed of fresh seed,but significantly negatively correlated to water content of fresh seed.Oil content of seed was significantly positively correlated to oil content of kernel and fresh kernel of fresh seed,but significantly negatively correlated to water content of fresh seed.Oil content of fresh seed was significantly positively correlated to dry seed of fresh fruit and fruit shape index,but significantly negatively correlated to single fruit weight,ventricle number per fruit and seed number per fruit.

关 键 词：油茶 种子形态 含油率 变异系数 经济性状 

分 类 号：S794.4[农业科学—林木遗传育种]