植物残体分解过程中微生物群落变化影响因素研究进展  

Factors Affecting Change of Microbial Community During Plant Residue Decomposition:A Review

作　　者：王晓玥[1,2] 孙波[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京土壤研究所,南京210008 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049

出　　处：《土壤》2012年第3期353-359,共7页Soils

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2009BADC6B03);国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(2011CB100506)资助

摘　　要：植物残体是土壤有机质的重要来源,研究分解植物残体的微生物群落结构及其演替规律日益受到重视。本文综述了影响植物残体分解过程中微生物群落结构和功能变化的3个主要因素:植物残体的性质、土壤和气候环境因素、农艺措施,这些因素通过影响微生物本身的活性和植物残体分解过程中化学组成的变化从而导致微生物群落的变化,同时植物残体腐解过程中微生物群落存在明显的演替现象。以上因素的影响并不是孤立的,而是相互联系和制约的。未来针对野外田间条件下植物残体的分解过程,仍需深入研究关键微生物群落的演替规律以及不同影响因素的交互作用机制。Plant residues are an important source of soil organic matter.An increasing attention has been paid on the successional pattern of microbial community structure during decomposition of plant residues.In this article,it is reviewed factors that have significant influence on the microbial community structure and function.These factors mainly include properties of plant residue,soil and climate factors and agricultural practices,which affect diversity of microbial community through influences on both activities of microbe and chemical composition changes of plant residue during its decomposition process.The impacts of these factors are not isolated,but interrelated and conditioned.In addition,microbial communities have shown obvious patterns with decomposition of residues.Furthermore,profoundly researches,especially under field conditions,are needed on successional pattern of key microbial community as well as interaction mechanism of different factors.

关 键 词：植物残体腐解 微生物群落 影响因素 

分 类 号：S154.37[农业科学—土壤学]