我国二、三级医院护士工作疲溃感状况的调查分析  

Survey on job burnout among China′s nurses working in second-or third-tier hospitals

作　　者：肖保娟[1] 刘可[2] 尤黎明[2] 张利峰[2] 马莉[3] 王磊[4] 朱秀[5] 刘丹[6] 李小妹[7] 李峥[8] 陆敏敏[9] 朱晓雯[2] 郑晶[2] 

机构地区：[1]南昌大学第一附属医院胸外科ICU,江西南昌330000 [2]中山大学护理学院 [3]中国医科大学护理学院 [4]四川大学护理学院 [5]北京大学护理学院 [6]中南大学护理学院 [7]西安交通大学护理学院 [8]北京协和医学院护理学院 [9]复旦大学护理学院

出　　处：《护理学杂志》2012年第24期64-67,共4页

基　　金：全国卫生职业教育研究发展基金重点项目(09-ZD06);美国中华医学基金会项目(CMB#08-889)

摘　　要：目的分析我国二、三级医院护士工作疲溃感水平及其影响因素。方法在"全国护理人力资源研究"的基础上,采用工作疲溃量表测量我国179所二、三级医院9 698名护士的工作疲溃感。结果中国医院护士的工作疲溃现状中情感衰竭、去人格化处于中等水平,个人成就感缺失处于高等水平;不同工作年限、病区,有无执照,工作是否超时以及在不同等级、地点、地区医院工作的护士工作疲溃感程度存在差异(均P<0.05)。结论高年资、工作超时的护士以及在ICU、直辖市、三级医院、东部地区工作的护士工作疲溃感水平较高,建议护理管理者重视引起我国护士工作疲溃感的相关因素,降低护士的工作疲溃感,以稳定护士队伍,提高护理质量。Objective To explore the level of job burnout among nurses working in second-or third-tier hospitals in China and to find out the contributing factors of job burnout. Methods Based on national nursing human resource research, the Maslach Burnout In- ventory was used to measure the burnout level of 9 698 nurses from 179 second-or third-tier hospitals in China. Results China＇s nurses experienced moderate level of emotion exhaustion and depersonalization, and diminished personal accomplishment. Nurses with different lengths of service, working in varied units, having a license or not, working overtime or not, working in different levels of hospitals, experienced significantly different levels of job burnout（P〈0.05 for all）. The locations of hospitals and the re- gions where the hospitals were situated affected nurses＇ burnout levels（P〈0.05 for both）. Conclusion Nurses with longer service length, working overtime, and those who worked in ICU, in municipalities, in third-tier hospitals, or worked in east China bad higher level of burnout. Nursing managers should pay more attention to the contributing factors of job burnout, take measures to lessen hurnout levels among nurses, in an effort to stabilize the nursing team and improve the quality of nursing care.

关 键 词：护士 二级医院 三级医院 工作疲溃感 工作疲溃量表 护理管理 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学] C931.2[医药卫生—临床医学]