宁夏引黄灌区不同盐化程度土壤酶活性及微生物多样性研究  

Study of Microbial Diversity and the Soil Enzyme Activity in Different Salinized Soil in Ningxia Yellow River Irrigation Region

作　　者：李凤霞[1] 王学琴[2,3] 郭永忠[2,4] 许兴[2] 

机构地区：[1]宁夏农林科学院农业资源与环境研究所,银川750002 [2]宁夏大学,银川750021 [3]宁夏科技发展战略与信息研究所,银川750001 [4]宁夏农林科学院荒漠所,银川750002

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2013年第1期61-65,共5页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40961020);国家科技支撑计划项目(2007BA08B05)

摘　　要：为了掌握宁夏引黄灌区盐碱地盐化土壤退化程度对微生物多样性及土壤酶活性的影响及其变化规律,采用Biolog微生物鉴定系统、比色法及滴定法对宁夏引黄灌区不同程度盐化土壤微生物多样性和土壤酶活性进行了研究。结果表明:随着盐化程度的增加,土壤微生物多样性指数、土壤转化酶、碱性磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶和脲酶活性逐渐降低;土壤各种酶活性的季节变化不完全相同,而且在土壤不同层次上波动很大。转化酶和碱性磷酸酶活性在0—20cm土层表现为9月>8月>6月,过氧化氢酶和碱性磷酸酶活性在20—40cm土层表现为6月>8月>9月。不同盐化程度与土壤转化酶、碱性磷酸酶活性达之间达到显著正相关关系(p<0.05),土壤微生物多样性指数与土壤转化酶、碱性磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶活性之间达到极显著正相关关系(p<0.01),与土壤不同盐化程度、土壤脲酶活性之间达到显著正相关关系(p<0.05)。说明土壤酶活性与土壤盐渍化关系密切,土壤转化酶、碱性磷酸酶及微生物多样性可作为盐碱地土壤退化程度及土壤肥力评价的生物指标。In order to know the effects of different degradation degree of salinized soil on microbial diversity and soil enzyme activity in Ningxia irrigation area of Yellow River, soil microbial diversity and soil enzyme activity were studied in different degree of salinized using biolog microbial identification system, colorimetry and titration in Ningxia Yellow River Irrigation. The results showed that soil microbial community diversity decreased with the saline degree in ecreased. Soil catalase, invertase, alkaline phosphatase and urease activity tend to decrease with the increase of salt degree. The seasonal variation of soil enzyme activity was not exactly the same, and fluctuateed in different layers of soil. Converting enzyme and alkaline phosphatase activities in 0-20 cm soil performanced in the order of September〉August〉June, eatalase and alkaline phosphatase activities in 20-40 em soil presented as the sequence of June〉August〉September. There was a significant positive correlation （p〈 0. 05） between different salinization degree soil and converting enzyme, alkaline phosphatase activity, there was a very significant positive correlation （p〈0.01） between soil microbial diversity and converting enzyme, alkaline phosphatase, catalase activity, and was a significant positive correlation （p〈0.05） between soil microbial diversity and different soil salinization degree, soil urease activity. These results suggested that the relationships between soil enzyme activity and soil salinization degree were closelyrelated, and the soil converting enzyme, alkaline phosphatase and microbial diversity can be used as biological indicators for the evaluation of saline-alkali soil degradation degree and soil fertility.

关 键 词：盐化土壤 微生物多样性 土壤酶 引黄灌区 宁夏 

分 类 号：S156.4[农业科学—土壤学]