山梨糖醇醚化失水性能研究  

Study on Etherification Performance of D-Sorbitol

作　　者：叶辉[1] 马平[1] 谭本岭[1] 査正清[1] 李国仲[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京矿冶研究总院,北京100160

出　　处：《广州化工》2013年第4期79-81,共3页GuangZhou Chemical Industry

基　　金：北京市西城区科技计划项目(2011JH02)

摘　　要：以磷酸为催化剂,通过测定羟值研究了山梨糖醇的醚化失水规律。考察了催化剂的浓度、反应体系环境以及反应温度对失水山梨糖醇羟值的影响。实验结果表明:磷酸用量为体系质量的0.4%～0.8%,反应温度为150～165℃,反应过程保持体系真空度在-0.1 MPa左右,反应3 h,失水山梨糖醇羟值在1180～1400 mg(KOH).g-1的理想范围内。实验发现失水山梨糖醇随着羟值的降低,总体呈现无色→黄色→棕色→黑色的过程,其折射率也会相应的降低,并且呈现线性递减的规律。Sorbitan is a needed raw material for the preparation of span series of products. Using phosphoric acid as a catalyst, the determination of hydroxyl value was introduced to study the etherification performance of D - sorbitol. The impacts of the concentration of the catalyst, the reaction system environment and the reaction temperature were investigated on the hydroxyl value of sorbitan. The experimental results showed that the hydroxyl value of sorbitan was within a desired range of 1180 - 1400 mg（KOH） · g-1 after 3 h＇ reaction when the amount of phosphate was 0. 4% -0. 8% of the system, the reaction temperature was kept 150 - 165℃, and the water generated was removed in a timely manner to maintain a degree of vacuum of the system in the around -0. 1 MPa. It was discovered that colour of sorbitan overall appeared the process of eolodess-yellow-brown-black with the decrease of hydroxyl value, and the refractive index would be correspondingly reduced and rendered the linear law of diminishing.

关 键 词：山梨糖醇 醚化 羟值 折射率 

分 类 号：TQ233.1[化学工程—有机化工] O624.31[理学—有机化学]