江苏普通高校慢性病大学生健康素养与健康体适能水平及相互的关系  

Relationship Between Health Literacy and Physical Fitness Among College Students with Chronic Disease in Jiangsu

作　　者：陈华卫[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学体育部,江苏南京210016

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2013年第2期237-239,共3页Practical Preventive Medicine

基　　金：江苏省高校哲学社会科学研究项目(2011SJD890004)

摘　　要：目的了解江苏高校慢性病大学生健康素养和健康体适能水平,探讨慢性病大学生健康素养与健康体适能之间的关系,为高校开展慢性病预防、制定健康教育与健康促进策略以及选取适宜干预方式提供依据。方法采用整群抽样的方法,抽取江苏3所某普通高校慢性病大学生进行健康素养的问卷调查,对他们健康体适能进行测试,对两者的相关性进行分析。结果慢性病大学生中具备健康素养的比例为22.55%,基本知识和理念、健康生活方式与行为、基本技能3方面健康素养的具备比例分别是44.26%、12.34%和61.70%;慢性病大学生BMI指数的平均值在23以上,显著高于全国同龄普通大学生(P<0.01),肺活量、握力和坐位体前屈远低于全国水平(P<0.01);慢性病大学生的健康素养与其体质指数呈负相关关系,与心肺适能具有显著的正相关关系。结论提高学生的健康素养尤其健康生活方式与行为素养是有效预防慢性病的重要手段;对偏瘦群体的干预,提高其BMI指数应当考虑健康素养在自我效能和行为变化交互中的角色作用;对慢性病患者的运动干预首要考虑不同运动项目对其心肺适能的效果。Objective To investigate the levels of health literacy and physical fitness among college students with chronic disease in Jiangsu, to discuss the relationship between health literacy and physical fitness so as to provide a basis for preventing chronic disease, drawing up relative strategies and choosing proper interventions. Methods Stratified cluster random sampling method was used to recruit students with chronic disease from three colleges as investigation objects. Their health literacy was surveyed with questionnaire, physical fitness was tested, and the relative relationship was analyzed. Results The proportion of students who had held health literacy was 22.55 %. The holding rate of health belief, the forming rate of health behavior and the mastering rate of health skill were 44.26%, 12.34%, and 61.70%, respectively. The average value of BMI index of college students with chronic disease was above 23, which was significantly higher than ordinary university students （P 〈 0.01 ）. But the vital capacity, grip strength and ZuoWeiTi anteflexion of college students with chronic disease were lower than the national average. The health literacy of college students with chronic disease was negatively correlated with BMI, but positively correlated with cardiorespiratory fitness. Conclusions Improving health literacy especially healthy lifestyle and behavior literacy is an important means to prevent chronic disease. As for the intervention on improving BMI of partial thin group, more attention should be paid to the role of health literacy in the intersection between self- efficacy and behavior change. It is imperative to first consider the effectiveness of,cardiorespiratory fitness when leading sport - based intervention in chronic disease patients.

关 键 词：健康素养 健康体适能 慢性病 体质指数 心肺适能 

分 类 号：G478.2[文化科学—教育学]