关于斯巴达征服美塞尼亚的反思  

Reflections on the Conquer of Messenia by Sparta

作　　者：祝宏俊[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学社会发展学院,江苏南京210036

出　　处：《西南大学学报（社会科学版）》2013年第1期158-167,176,共10页Journal of Southwest University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"斯巴达政治制度研究"(10FSS004);项目负责人:祝宏俊

摘　　要：斯巴达征服美塞尼亚是一个持续、漫长的过程,从公元前8世纪初一直持续到公元前7世纪末。把这场战争简化为为期20年的第一、第二次美塞尼亚战争是罗马作家的创造,前者的特征是征服,后者的特征是起义。其实,历史上并不存在时间上相隔百年、性质上截然不同的两次美塞尼亚战争,它们只不过是同一个征服过程的两次高潮。征服战争结束之后,大部分美塞尼亚居民被降为黑劳士,但是黑劳士不是奴隶,它与奴隶又有着明显的区别。It was a far-flung and continuous process for Sparta to conquer Messenia,which lasted from the early 8th Century BC to the late 7th century BC.It was a Roman writer who reduced the war to two twenty-year wars named the first Messenian War and the second Messenian War respectively,the former of which was characterized by the conquer and the later as rebel.In fact,there were not however two separate wars which were divided by a hundred years and different to each other in nature.The two wars were the two upsurges of the same conquer.After the war most of the Messenians were reduced to Helots which was greatly different from slavery.

关 键 词：斯巴达 美塞尼亚 美塞尼亚人 美塞尼亚战争 黑劳士 

分 类 号：K545[历史地理—历史学]