离子注入引起植物变异的研究  

A STUDY ON MUTATIONS IN PLANTS CAUSED BY ION IMPLANTATION

作　　者：陆挺[1] 卫俊智 朱凤绥[2] 谢立青[1] 张崇浩[3] 陈如意[1] 丁晓纪[1] 钱亚宏 邢钟琪 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学低能核物理研究所,北京市新外大街100875 [2]中国农业科学院作物育种栽培研究所,北京市海定区100081 [3]北京师范大学生物系,北京市新外大街100875

出　　处：《北京师范大学学报（自然科学版）》1991年第4期421-426,共6页Journal of Beijing Normal University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金

摘　　要：对玉米、水稻、大豆、大麦、黑麦、小麦、三色堇、矮牵牛等植物的种子进行离子束辐照处理,在被处理当代种子中,发芽率、生长速度、植株株型等方面均出现了变异,不同作物表现的变异程度及变异类型不同,不同品种间也有差异。对染色体行为观察,发现有丝分裂基本正常,减数分裂出现异常。玉米中有单价体和多价体,大豆中有落后染色体,水稻中有微核仁等现象。对离子束作为诱变源的研究现状、特点及前景进行了讨论。Seeds of maize, rice, barley, rye, wheat, soybean, pansy and petunia are irradiated by ion beam. Variations in germination percentage, growth speed and plant type are found. The degree and type of variation are different between species and varieties. In the observation of chromosomes, bahaviours of chromosomes are nomal in mitoses, but abnomal in some mioses. Univalent, trivalent and tetravalent in PMCs of maize, backward chromosomes in PMCs of soybean and micronucleoli in PMCs of rice are found. The currents, Characters and prospects of radiation mutation induced by ion beam are discussed.

关 键 词：离子注入 植物 变异 染色体 畸变 

分 类 号：Q345.2[生物学—遗传学]