中国2011年碘盐监测  

Study on national iodized salt monitoring in 2011

作　　者：曹晓晓[1] 郑庆斯[1] 王建强[1] 徐菁[1] 谷云有[1] 王海燕[1] 李秀维[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心传染病预防控制所碘缺乏病参照实验室,北京102206

出　　处：《中国地方病防治》2013年第1期36-38,45,共4页Chinese Journal of Control of Endemic Diseases

摘　　要：目的掌握全国碘盐普及状况及重点地区的非碘盐冲销情况,为完善碘缺乏病防治策略提供依据。方法全国31个省份以县为单位、新疆生产建设兵团以师为单位,按照《全国碘缺乏病监测方案(试行)》(以下简称《方案》)的要求,采集居民家中食用盐样,现场先进行半定量检测,再进行实验室定量测定。碘盐检测采用直接滴定法,川盐、强化盐和不确定的非碘盐采用仲裁法定量测定(GB/T13025.7-1999)。合格碘盐判定标准:35±15mg/kg(20～50mg/kg);非碘盐判定标准:<5mg/kg。结果全国共有2837个县(区、市、旗)及新疆生产建设兵团的14个师上报了监测结果,监测覆盖率为100%。共监测827028户居民家中食用盐,经人口加权,全国居民碘盐覆盖率为98.72%,碘盐合格率为97.99%,合格碘盐食用率为96.77%。在省级水平,全国31个省份和新疆生产建设兵团碘盐覆盖率均>90%;全国除西藏外,只有上海合格碘盐食用率<90%。在县级水平,全国共有2809个县级单位(包括新疆生产建设兵团师)的碘盐覆盖率≥90%,有18个县碘盐覆盖率<80%,合格碘盐食用率达到90%以上的县占全国监测总县数(2851)的97.09%。结论监测覆盖面广,以及监测数据网络直报成为我国碘盐监测网络运行的成功特征。西藏、新疆、青海、海南4省(区)碘盐覆盖率低的地区以及阻碍碘盐普及的影响因素依然存在,其它省份也存在个别县非碘盐冲销和不合格碘盐较多的问题,上海已先行实施碘盐和无碘食盐自由选择购买。这些地区将是今后一段时期碘缺乏防治的重点地区。Objective To understand the situation of iodized salt consumption at the household level and non-iodized salt distribution in those areas with low iodized salt coverage.The results could be the basis for policy making in IDD control.Methods According to ＂national iodine deficiency disorders monitoring project＂,totally 827 028 edible salt samples from 2 837 counties of 31 provinces and Xinjiang 14 corps were collected.The salt samples were tested by semi-quantitative method on the spot and then tested with quantitative method in laboratory.The standard of qualified iodized salt was set as 20 - 50mg/kg and that of non-iodized salt was set as 5 mg/kg according to the national GB/T 13025.7-1999.Results All 2 851 divisions reported the results,the coverage rate of monitoring was 100%.The results of 827 028 household edible salts tested showd that the coverage rate of iodized salt was 98.72%,and the coverage rate of qualified iodized salt was 96.77%.At the province level,the coverage rate of iodized salt were all 90%,whereas the coverage rate of qualified iodized salt were 90% except Tibet and Shanghai.Among 2 851 counties,there were 2 809 with the iodized salt coverage rate ≥ 90% and 18 80%,and 97.09% counties with the qualified iodized salt consumption rate over 90%.Conclusions The Chinese iodized salt monitoring network has been successful running for some years.The wide coverage of monitoring and web-based data report system are the two outstanding characteristics.At the present,the influence factors on qualified iodized salt consumption rate in Tibet,Xinjiang,Qinghai and Hainan provinces still existed;Moreover,free choice to buy iodized or non-iodized salt was carried out in Shanghai ahead of schedule.These areas will be the focus of IDD control in near future.Besides,the monitoring of both urine and salt need to be enhanced as the adjustment of iodine concentration in edible salt.

关 键 词：碘盐 监测 合格碘盐食用率 

分 类 号：O613[理学—无机化学]