焊接方法对2219铝合金焊接接头力学性能的影响  

Analysis of Mechanical Properties about the Welding Joints of 2219 Aluminum Alloy

作　　者：张聃 陈文华[2] 孙耀华 董丰波 

机构地区：[1]上海航天设备制造总厂,上海200245 [2]南京航空航天大学,南京211106

出　　处：《航空材料学报》2013年第1期45-49,共5页Journal of Aeronautical Materials

摘　　要：通过室温拉伸和显微硬度,比较2219铝合金电子束焊接(EBW)、搅拌摩擦焊(FSW)和钨极氩弧焊(TIG)所获接头的力学性能,利用扫描电镜、光学显微镜等手段,比较三种接头力学性能差异,并探讨产生差异的原因。结果表明:EBW所获接头的室温抗拉强度达到母材的79%左右,焊缝处的显微硬度达到97HV;FSW所获接头的室温拉伸强度达到母材的74%左右,焊缝处的显微硬度达到97.6HV;TIG所获接头抗拉强度只有母材的53%,焊缝处的显微硬度为72HV。EBW和FSW所获接头的力学性能明显优于钨极氩弧焊接接头,运用扫描电镜和光学显微镜等手段,研究发现EBW和FSW所获接头焊缝区细小的等轴晶组织、Cu元素在焊缝中的分布均匀、高质量焊缝成形是接头具有良好性能的主要原因。Electron beam welds, Friction stir welding and gas tungsten arc welds of aluminum alloy 2219 were made and their mechanical properties were compared by tensile testing and micro-hardness. The reasons for the difference of mechanical properties were researched by scanning electron microscopy and optical microscope. It is shown that the tensile strength of EBW joints is about 79% of base metal and hardness of the joints reaches 97HV. The tensile strength of FSW joints is about 74% of base metal and hardness of the joints reaches 97.6HV. But the tensile strength of TIG joints is only about 53% of base metal and hardness of the joints reaches 72HV. The EBW joints and the FSW joints had better performances than the TIG joints. According to the microstructures, fracture and section morphology analysis, fine equiaxed grains, distribution more evenly of copper elements and less defects that the EBW joints and the FSW joints have are the main reasons for superior mechanical properties.

关 键 词：2219铝合金 微观组织 Cu元素 EBW FSW TIG 

分 类 号：TG146.21[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TG453.9[金属学及工艺—金属材料]