玉米秸秆发酵制取黄粉虫饲料的研究  

Tenebrio molitor L. Feed Production from Fermentation of Corn Stalks

作　　者：徐世才[1] 刘小伟[1] 王强[1] 沈雪健[1] 

机构地区：[1]延安大学生命科学学院,陕西延安716000

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2013年第1期194-199,共6页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：陕西省科技厅农业攻关项目(2012.k02-10);陕西省重点建设学科(生态学);延安市科技专项基金项目(2009kn-27)

摘　　要：为了降低饲养黄粉虫经济成本及提高玉米秸秆的利用率,以玉米、麦麸、玉米秸秆为原料,用Minit-ab(R)15.1.0.0.设计配制出13种不同的混合饲料,再以是否加青菜叶分成两组,研究混合饲料和青菜叶对黄粉虫生长发育的影响。结果表明,混合饲料和青菜叶对幼虫体质量增长、幼虫历期、幼虫粗蛋白含量、幼虫化蛹率和成虫羽化率影响显著(P<0.05)。饲料5处理的幼虫体质量最大,历期也最短,饲料3处理的化蛹率最高,饲料7处理的粗蛋白含量最高,饲料9处理的羽化率最高。整体上饲料7+青菜叶的饲喂效果要优于其他组,其各项指标均比较理想,且对秸秆的利用率较高,养殖成本较低,各组分分别为w(麦麸)=33.33%、w(玉米)=33.33%、w(玉米秸秆)=33.33%。可见,黄粉虫的生长显著受饲料种类的影响,在生产中饲料7+青菜叶可以推广使用。The study aimed at reducing the economic cost of Tenebrio molitor L. feeding and improving the utilization ratio of corn stalks. 13 different kinds of compound feed made from corn, wheat bran and corn stalks were designed by Minitab （R） 15.1.0.0. The design was then divided into two groups based on adding or no-adding vegetable leaves to study the effects of feed and vegetable leaves on growth and development of Tenebrio molitor L. The results showed Tenebrio weight gain, larval duration, crude protein content of larvae and pupation rate of larvae, eclosion rate of imago were significantly affected by mixed feed and vegetable leaves（P〈0.05）. The larva with feed 5 showed the highest weight and shortest duration, feed 3 showed the highest pupation rate, feed 7 gave the highest crude protein, feed 9 resulted the highest eclosion rate. Overall effect of feed 7＋ vegetable leaves was the best, with desirable indicators, higher utilization of stalks and lower raising cost. Its formula is w（wheat bran）=33.33% ,w（corn）=33.33% ,w（corn stalks）=33.33%. Tenebrio growth was significantly affected by the type of feed, and feed 7 ＋ vegetable leaves could be promoted in the production.

关 键 词：黄粉虫 玉米秸秆 混料设计 生长发育 

分 类 号：S899.9[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]