现代汉语“无论如何”的句法—语用分析  

Syntactic and Pragmatic Analysis of Wulunruhe(In Any Event)in Modern Chinese

作　　者：董正存[1] 谢永芳[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学文学院,北京100872 [2]北京师范大学文学院,北京100875

出　　处：《河北北方学院学报（社会科学版）》2013年第1期30-34,共5页Journal of Hebei North University：Social Science Edition

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(10YJC740027)

摘　　要：在现代汉语中,作为一个整体来使用的"无论如何"与"无论"在句法和语用两个方面都存在差异。句法上,"无论如何"出现在独立的单句结构中,其后副词"也/都"不必强制出现,多倾向于不出现,表明"无论如何"应为一个独立的构式。"无论如何"倾向于出现在助动词、情态副词前,表达说话人对某一事情或命题的坚决肯定的主观态度,表明其主观化程度很高。语用上,"无论如何"具有标示未然的功能、元语功能和语篇功能。"无论如何"的句法—语用表现与"无论"无条件复句完全不同,应该将其作为一个独立的研究对象加以关注。In Modern Chinese,there exist several differences between vvulunruhe （in any event）, which is used as a whole, and zoulun （no matter what, how, …） in the two aspects of syntax and pragmatics. In terms of the syntax, the former appears in the independent and simple sentences. The following adverb ＂ye/dou＂ is not necessarily forced to appear,and is often inclined to not appear. All the above show that the former should be an independent construction and it is inclined to be used before the auxiliary and modal adverbs to express the speaker＇s resolutely and positively subjective attitude towards a certain thing or proposition,which shows its high subjectivity. From the pragmatic perspective,the former has meta-lin- guistic function,textual function as well as the function of marking the possibility or future. The syntactic and pragmatic expression of the former is totally different from the unconditional complex sentences of the latter. The former should be regarded as an independent research object.

关 键 词：“无论如何” 构式 句法 语用 

分 类 号：H04[语言文字—语言学]