义务教育均衡发展与农村薄弱学校建设  

Balanced Development of Compulsory Education and Construction of Rural Weak Schools

作　　者：郭清扬[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学教育学院,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《华中师范大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2013年第1期161-168,共8页Journal of Central China Normal University:Humanities and Social Sciences

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目"我国义务教育均衡发展改革研究"(10JZD0036);全国教育科学"十二五"规划2012年度国家青年基金项目"农村中小学寄宿制学校建设问题研究"(CFA120124)

摘　　要：义务教育均衡发展决不能忽视农村薄弱学校的建设。薄弱学校是指那些没有达到基本办学标准的学校,它主要表现在:办学条件差、领导班子差、教师素质差、生源质量差、教学质量低,社会声誉不佳。本文分析指出,二元经济结构与社会体制是大量农村薄弱学校存在的深层原因,重点学校制度选择是存在的直接原因,教育投资的低层次化是最根本的原因,而城镇化步伐加快的负面效应也是其不可忽视的原因。义务教育均衡发展要加强农村薄弱学校的建设,让偏远农村地区的孩子也能享受到较好的教育:一是加大教育投资体制改革的力度,增加对农村薄弱学校的投入;二是创新学校管理思路,大力提升薄弱学校的管理水平;三是坚持疏堵结合,抑制城乡间教师的"逆向"流动;四是坚持就近入学的原则,均衡城乡学校生源。Construction of rural weak schools would never be neglected during the course of balanced development of compulsory education. The weak schools are especially pointed to those who are under the basic running standard, which is specifically lack of facilities, poor management, lack of good teachers and students, poor quality education and low social honor. This paper analyzes the causes leading to the formation of existing weak schools in rural areas in China= binary economic structure and social system, the key school institution, the system of low-level goverment responsible for compulsory education investment, and negative effect of accelerating the pace of urbanization. To improve the conditions of weak schools, we have to greatly increase the financial input of rural weak schools, enhance the school management level, stabilize rural teaching stuff, and balance student source.

关 键 词：义务教育均衡发展 农村薄弱学校 二元经济结构和社会体制 教育投资体制 

分 类 号：G522.3[文化科学—教育学]