人胚胎结肠肠神经系统发育的观察  

THE OBSERVATION OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF COLON ENS IN HUMAN EMBRYOS

作　　者：宓开鸿[1] 李继承[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学细胞生物学与组织工程学研究所,杭州310031

出　　处：《解剖学报》2000年第3期253-256,I011,共5页Acta Anatomica Sinica

基　　金：浙江省分析测试基金资助项目 !( 990 75 ) ;浙江省教委科研基金 ;浙江省教委回国人员基金;浙江省优秀青年科技人才专项基金

摘　　要：目的　研究人胚胎结肠肠神经系统的发育过程 ,为进一步研究先天性巨结肠的发病机制提供参考。　方法　采用一抗为蛋白基因产物 (protein gene product9.5 ,PGP9.5 )和 S- 10 0蛋白抗体的免疫组织化学 PAP法 ,显示结肠肠神经系统中的神经元和神经胶质。　结果　人胚胎结肠肠神经系统发育有明显的阶段性。在胚胎发育早期 (胎龄 2～ 3月 ) ,肠管壁发育差 ,以后出现菲薄的平滑肌层和低平的肠粘膜 ,此期偶在原始肌间神经丛位置见S- 10 0蛋白免疫反应性神经 ;至发育中期 (胎龄 4～ 5月 ) ,肠壁分化出 4层结构 ,出现相当发达的绒毛 ,肌间神经丛中细胞明显增多 ,呈弥散分布于整个肌层间并逐渐迁移到粘膜下层和粘膜层 ,由初级和次级突起构成复杂的神经网络 ;至晚期 (6～ 9月 ) ,肠壁各层均增厚 ,肌间神经丛成簇分布 ,神经纤维构成的网络出现更为细小的 3级突起 ,粘膜下神经丛分化形成浅丛和深丛。　结论　结肠神经系的发育具有明显的阶段性。发育早期神经开始在肠壁肌间丛位置出现 ,发育中期神经成分在肠壁各层中出现并发育增生 ,晚期肠壁各层神经已分化和成熟 ,而在不同的发育阶段 。Objective\ To offer reference for further studying the pathogeny of congenital megacolon by studying the development of colon ENS in human embryos. Methods\ Using protein gene product 9 5 and S\|100 protein as the first antibodies in PAP immunohistochemistry to show the neurons and neuroganglion in colon ENS. Results\ The development of colon ENS and colon wall has distinct stages.During early stage, from second to third month,the development of colon wall is poor.Then there appear thin layers of circular muscle and mucosa.Only few S\|100 protein immunoreative nerves can be observed in the place of primary myenteric plexus.At middle stage, from forth to fifth month, the colon wall has differentiated four layers with plentiful of villi.The neurons in myenteric plexus iscrease clearly,which scatter in whole myenteric plexuses and migrate into submucosa and mucosa gradually.The myenteric plexus is composed of primary and secondary strands displaying a complex nervous meshwork.As for later stage, from sixth to ninth month,the four layers thickened.In myenteric plexus,the immunoreactive perikara and nerves become different size ganglions by degrees.In the network,there appear the tertiary strands.The outer and inner submucosa plexuses have differentiated well. Conclusion\ The development ENS has distinct stages.During early stage of the development, the nerves begin to appear on wall.They develop and differentiate in middle stage.As for later stage, the nerves in the four layers has developed and matured.In different developmental stage, original causes of disease pathogenesis will result in various symptoms of cogenital megacolon.\;

关 键 词：结肠肠神经系统 S-100 人胚胎 先天性巨结肠 

分 类 号：R574.620.2[医药卫生—消化系统]