煤系地层隧道施工瓦斯爆炸与采空区失稳的风险识别  

Risk Identification of Gas Explosion and Goaf Instability Induced by Tunnel Construction in Coal Measure Strata

作　　者：晏启祥[1] 王璐石[1] 段景川[1] 耿萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学交通隧道工程教育部重点实验室,成都610031

出　　处：《铁道标准设计》2013年第3期80-85,共6页Railway Standard Design

基　　金：教育部新世纪人才支持项目(NCET-11-0713);中央高校基本科研业务费专题项目(SWJTU11ZT33)与创新项目(SWJTU11CX016)

摘　　要：在对沪昆高速公路煤系地层某隧道线路沿线煤层和采空区分布位置、分布规模综合分析的基础上,将该隧道瓦斯爆炸和采空区失稳界定为施工典型风险,其中采空区失稳以不均匀沉降和上覆顶部塌陷为主。采用层次分析法,分别对隧道瓦斯爆炸和采空区失稳进行了风险因素识别。其中:瓦斯爆炸包括煤层瓦斯压力、煤层瓦斯含量、地质构造、施工通风以及施工组织管理等10项三级因素;采空区失稳包括采空区距隧道距离、采空区大小、超前地质预报、超前支护等7项二级因素。研究表明:煤层瓦斯含量,施工通风和组织管理对瓦斯爆炸风险影响较大,而采空区距隧道距离、采空区大小对采空区失稳风险影响较大。Based on comprehensive analysis for distribution locations and distribution scales of both the coal seam and goaf zone along a highway tunnel line with coal measure strata in Shanghai-Kunming Highway, the gas explosion and the goaf instability were confirmed as the typical risks in tunnel construction, and then the goaf instability mainly shows up as uneven settlement and top collapse. By using analytic hierarchy process, the risk factors of both the gas explosion and goaf instability were identified respectively. The identification result reveals that, the gas explosion contains 10 factors belonging to the third class, such as the gas pressure of coal seam, gas content of coal seam, geological structure, construction ventilation, construction organization management etc; while goaf instability contains 7 factors belonging to the second class, such as the distance from the goaf to the tunnel, size of goal, geological prediction, advance support etc. This study also reveals that, the gas content of coal seam, construction ventilation and the organization management have a greater influence on gas explosion, while the distance from the goaf to the tunnel, the size of the goal have a greater influence on goaf instability.

关 键 词：煤系地层 隧道施工 瓦斯爆炸 采空区失稳 风险因素识别 

分 类 号：U458[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]