一种综合监测两类不同分布类型ENSO事件指标的研究  

STUDY OF A COMPREHENSIVE MONITORING INDEX FOR TWO TYPES OF ENSO EVENTS

作　　者：曹璐[1,2,3] 孙丞虎[3] 任福民[3] 袁媛[3] 江静[2] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省气象台,江苏南京210008 [2]南京大学大气科学学院,江苏南京210093 [3]国家气候中心,北京100081

出　　处：《热带气象学报》2013年第1期66-74,共9页Journal of Tropical Meteorology

基　　金：国家标准项目"厄尔尼诺;拉尼娜事件定义";公益性行业专项(GYHY200806009);公益性行业专项(GYHY200906016);"973"项目(2012CB955901);国家科技支撑计划(2009BAC51B05);国家自然科学青年基金(41005038)共同资助

摘　　要：针对1950—2009年的东部型(EP)和中部型(CP)ENSO事件,比较了目前国际上常用的ENSO监测指数对它们的监测能力。结果表明:单一的指数无法同时区分EP和CP型ENSO事件,其中Ni o 3指数只能有效识别EP型ENSO事件,而Ni o 4指数则对CP型事件具有较强的监测能力。据此提出同时以Ni o 3和Ni o 4指数构建指数组的形式来监测不同类型的ENSO事件,结果表明,该指标组能够较全面监测历史上发生的不同分布类型ENSO事件,且能准确判定事件的峰值强度、起止时间和成熟期等其他特征。Some recent studies presented two existing types of ENSO events： the Eastern-Pacific （EP） and Central-Pacific （CP）. This study examined the monitoring ability of several current operational ENSO indices The results indicated that a single index could not distinguish the EP and CP in the historical ENSO events during 1950--2009. The Nifio 3 index may only be suitable for monitoring the EP ENSO, while the Nifio 4 index works only for the CP type. In order to capture the occurrence of ENSO event and distinguish its type, we considered a new monitoring index group using Nifio 3 and Nifio 4 indices. Further analysis confirmed that this index group could monitor different types of historical ENSO events with different spatial distribution of sea surface temperature. It had a good performance in determining the characteristics of the ENSO events, including peak intensity, onset, decay, mature phase, and so on.

关 键 词：ENSO事件 东部型 中部型 ENSO指数 指标组 

分 类 号：P732[天文地球—海洋科学]