潜在锚定效应的加工机制初探  

A Study on the Processing Mechanisms of Subliminal Anchoring Effects

作　　者：李斌[1,2] 徐富明[1,2] 王伟[1,2] 马红宇[1,2] 吴修良[1,2] 马向阳[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学心理学院暨青少年网络心理与行为教育部重点实验室,武汉430079 [2]湖北省人的发展与心理健康重点实验室,武汉430079

出　　处：《应用心理学》2012年第3期249-255,262,共8页Chinese Journal of Applied Psychology

摘　　要：潜在锚定效应指的是阈限下的启动锚定数字导致的锚定效应现象。本研究探讨了潜在锚定效应的产生机制。采用2(潜在锚类型:高锚vs低锚)×2(词汇类型:夏天vs冬天)混合设计。结果发现,在潜在高锚情况下,夏天词汇的反应时(M=745.50)显著快于冬天词汇的反应时;在潜在低锚情况下,冬天词汇的反应时(M=697.47)显著快于夏天词汇的反应时。即被试对与启动锚定数字信息一致的词汇判断的反应时比不一致的更快。研究结果表明,潜在锚定效应的产生是由于锚定数字内部命题属性被激活导致的。Subliminal anchoring effects refer to a phenomenon that the anchoring effects still occur even if the anchor val- ues are presented subliminally. To explore the mecha- nisms of the subliminal anchoring effects, the current research conducted a 2 （Anchor Types： High vs Low） × 2 （Word Types：Summer vs Winter） mixed factorial design. A significant interaction effect was found be- tween Anchor and Word. Participants who had been subliminally presented with the high anchor were in- deed relatively faster in responding to words that are as- sociated with summer than to words associated with winter. anchor Participants who had been exposed to the low values, however, were relatively faster in re- spending to words associated with winter rather than summer. The results showed that participants were faster in recognizing anchor-consistent rather than an- chor-inconsistent target words in the lexical decision task, suggesting that the accessibility of the proposition property in numerical anchors may be the mechanisms of subliminal anchoring effects.

关 键 词：锚定效应 潜在锚 外在锚 自发锚 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学] C93[哲学宗教—心理学]