上海话“辣海”的语源及虚化特征的比较研究  

A study of the etymology of lahai as a tense marker in Shanghai dialect and its grammaticalization

作　　者：汪如东[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海财经大学国际文化交流学院,上海200083

出　　处：《东南大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2012年第4期83-89,127-128,共7页Journal of Southeast University(Philosophy and Social Science)

基　　金：国家哲学社会科学基金规划项目"江淮方言泰如片与吴语的语法比较研究"(10BYY016)成果之一

摘　　要："辣海"是上海话中一个重要的体标记词,本文通过跟邻近的江淮泰如片方言之间的比较研究,考察其来源及作为体标记的虚化过程。"辣海"的"辣"本字不是"在",也不是"来",而是南方汉语方言的一个自源词;"海"的本字为"许",存在着不同的读音层次,"辣海"作为体标记在吴语中分别表示动作的进行和状态的持续,在泰如片方言主要表示状态的持续。"在下"是"辣海"在泰如方言进一步虚化的产物,具有半虚化的体标记特征。Lahai is an important tense marker in Shanghai dialect.By comparing it with Tairu dialect,this paper explores its etymology and its grammaticalization evolution.The equivalence of lain mandarin Chinese is neither zai(在) nor lai(来).Instead lais a slang in the southern Chinese dialect.The equivalence of hai in mandarin Chinese is xu and it has different pronunciations in different contexts.Lahai is a marker of the progressive and continuous tense in the wu dialect,and the continuous tense in Tairu dialect.Lahai evolves into zaixia,a more functional word in Tairu dialect.

关 键 词：辣海 语源 虚化 时体特征 泰如方言 吴语 

分 类 号：H173[语言文字—汉语]