什么决定了企业的研发投入?  

What Determine the R＆D Investments of Firm： A Survey

作　　者：赵武阳[1] 陈超[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学管理学院

出　　处：《中国会计评论》2012年第4期453-472,共20页China Accounting Review

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号71072004/G020701)资助

摘　　要：技术创新与产业结构升级已成为维持经济可持续性的重要政策。而研发投入是提升企业持续创新能力进而增强其核心竞争力的重要源泉。有鉴于研发投入的重要性，本文对近三十年来中英文主流学术期刊有关影响研发投入因素的重要文献进行了梳理。为了突出对会计及财务学者的意义，本文着重介绍那些基于企业内部契约关系来探讨研发投入决定因素的文献。具体来说，本文从管理层动机及会计选择、公司治理以及公司战略诉求三个方面对相关文献进行了综述。接着，本文还对近三十年来中英文相关文献的主要话题及其演化趋势进行了总结。最后，本文提出了在中国独特背景下的研究机会。This survey reviews studies focusing on the determinants of firms＇ R^D in- vestment in both English and Chinese top academic journals in recent three decades. The anal- ysis is organized with an external-internal dichotomy： external perspective is based on the a- tomic view of firm and internal one goes further into the contractual nexus inside a firm. To analyze the implications for accounting scholars, we focus on studies with internal perspec- tive. More specifically, we first summarize relevant studies into three broad topics： manageri- al incentives and accounting choice, corporate governance, and corporate strategy considera- tion. Then we illustrate that Chinese and English literature demonstrates great differences in discipline distribution and research focuses. English economic journals show great interest in RS^D before 2000 but the interest declines over the recent ten years, while journals in fi- nance, accounting and management maintain the interest, and explore the determinants for R＆D investment from aspects of institutional environment, firm-level characteristics, corpo- rate governance, and various other internal factors. By contrast, Chinese economic journals are now still feverish on R^D, while finance and accounting journals witness very few R^D related research. The existing Chinese articles in R^D investment are mainly analytic model- ing, and the rest empirical papers are based on industrial data rather than firm-level data, with a focus on foreign direct investment, total factor productivity, government subsidy and other issues in China. We conclude that the status quo of R^D investment research in China can be partially attributed to the fact that no mandatory disclosure of R^D expenditures of listed companies. Finally, we discuss the research opportunities offered by China＇s unique context.

关 键 词：研发投入 科技创新 决定因素 文献综述 

分 类 号：F273.1[经济管理—企业管理]