日粮添加油葵籽和亚麻籽对奶牛乳脂CLA和脂肪酸组成的影响  

Effects of the Sunflower Seed and the Flaxseed on Milk CLA and Composition of Milk Fatty Acids

作　　者：张玉斌[1] 王强[2] 吴建平[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学食品科学与工程学院,兰州730070 [2]重庆教育学院生命科学与化学系,重庆400067

出　　处：《中国奶牛》2013年第3期19-23,共5页China Dairy Cattle

基　　金：兰州市重大科技计划项目;项目编号05-1-34

摘　　要：本文主要研究了奶牛日粮添加植物油籽引起原料乳脂肪酸组成情况及CLA含量变化的影响,初步探讨改善牛奶脂肪酸构成、提高乳脂中CLA含量的途径。选取45头泌乳期荷斯坦牛,分为3组,以不添加油籽为对照组,以添加油葵籽和亚麻籽作为两个试验处理组,采用完全随机试验设计,测定乳脂中脂肪酸含量。结果显示,日粮中添加油葵籽和亚麻籽实能显著提高乳脂中CLA、EPA、DHA和PUFA的含量(P<0.05),降低月桂酸(C12:0)、棕榈酸(C16:0)、硬酯酸(C18:0)等饱和脂肪酸水平,多不饱和与饱和脂肪酸(PUFA/SFA)之比显著高于对照组(P<0.05),分别提高92.32%和36.37%。乳脂中CLA(c9t11t,10t12c)比例油葵籽和亚麻籽两个处理组依次比对照组提高了161.01%(P<0.05)和53.18%(P<0.05);油葵籽组的EPA、DHA含量分别较对照组提高80.91%和196.20%,亚麻籽组的EPA、DHA含量分别较对照组提高143.32%和255.84%。日粮中添加植物油料籽实,优化了乳脂肪酸的构成,油葵籽对乳脂中CLA的提高效果比亚麻籽更好。Forty-five Chinese Holstein lactating cows were used to study the effects of adding the sunflower seed and the flaxseed of oil plants on CLA content and composition of bovine milk fatty acids. Experimental design used a randomly design （ control group, sunflower seed group, and flaxseed group） . The results showed that, feeding oil seeds riched in linoleic or linolenic acids would alter the bovine milk fatty acids ratio, increased the content of CLA, EPA, DHA and PUFA significantly（P〈0.05）, and decreased concentration of C,2：0, C,6：0 and C,8：0. The ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acid（PUFA/SFA） was increased by 92.32% in oil sunflower seed group, and 36.37% in flaxseed group respectively, significantly higher than that in control group（P〈0.05）. Compared with the control group, CLA content in oil sunflower seed group was significantly increased by 161.01%（P〈0.05）,and was increased by 53.18%（P〈0.05） in flaxseed group. EPA and DHA content in oil sunflower seed group was increased by 80.91% and 196.20%, in flaxseed group was increased by 143.32% and 255.84%.The fatty acid composition have been optimized by feeding oil seeds. The sunflower seed is better than flaxseed on improving the CLA and the composition of fatty acid on lactating cows.

关 键 词：奶牛 油料籽实 乳脂肪酸组成 共轭亚油酸 

分 类 号：S823.4[农业科学—畜牧学]