非故意产生的持久性有机污染物的生成和排放研究进展  

Progress in the studies associated with formation and emission of unintentionally produced persistent organic pollutants

作　　者：刘国瑞 郑明辉[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]环境化学与生态毒理学国家重点实验室 [2]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,北京100085

出　　处：《中国科学：化学》2013年第3期265-278,共14页SCIENTIA SINICA Chimica

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划;2009CB421606);国家自然科学基金重点基金(21037003)资助

摘　　要：二口恶英类、多氯联苯、多氯萘、五氯苯和六氯苯等持久性有机污染物可在许多工业过程中非故意产生,故称之为非故意产生的持久性有机污染物(UP-POPs).上述UP-POPs会随烟气、废渣等排放进入环境,它们具有高毒性,对生态环境构成严重威胁,已列入或拟列入斯德哥尔摩公约管控名单.本文介绍了上述几类典型的UP-POPs的特性,总结了若干典型工业源UP-POPs的排放特征,归纳了典型UP-POPs的主要生成机制,对全球或区域范围内UP-POPs的主要源及其排放量进行了总结.最后,对我国废弃物焚烧、钢铁生产和有色金属冶炼等主要工业源UP-POPs的排放特征和排放因子研究做了简要的概述,并进行了展望.Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofiarans, polychlorinated biphenyls, polychlorinated naphthalenes, pentachlorobenzene and hexachlorobenzene could be unintentionally produced and released during many industrial processes, and often termed as unintentionally produced persistent organic pollutants （UP-POPs）. There are close correlations among these types of pollutants for their formation during industrial processes. This review focuses on the basic properties, emission characteristics, and formation mechanisms of UP-POPs during industrial processes. The sources and emission levels of UP-POPs on global or regional scales are also summarized. Finally, the progress in the studies associated with the emission characteristics and emission factors of UP-POPs from Chinese industries are reviewed.

关 键 词：持久性有机污染物 二口恶英类 多氯联苯 多氯萘 排放特征 生成机理 排放因子 

分 类 号：X13[环境科学与工程—环境科学]