玉米/大豆间作模式及效应分析  

Analysis on Intercropped Patterns and Effect in Maize/Soybean Intercropping System

作　　者：韦柳佳[1] 黄莉[1] 张雅琼[2] 贾阳映[1] 徐文婷[1] 尹元萍[3] 董文汉[4] 谢世清[4] 梁泉[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学农学与生物技术学院,云南昆明650201 [2]云南中医学院,云南昆明650500 [3]云南农业大学资环学院,云南昆明650210 [4]云南农业大学科技处,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2013年第1期67-72,共6页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：云南省自然科学基金(2008ZC058M);云南农业大学博士启动基金(A2002153)

摘　　要：大豆与玉米间作是比较常见的间作种植模式。本研究采用4个不同生育期的大豆品种与玉米进行2∶2、3∶2和4∶2 3种行比的间作,在酸性红壤田间条件下分析间作系统的叶绿素含量、产量及主要农艺性状的变化。结果表明:玉米/大豆间作具有明显的间作优势,间作复合产量显著高于大豆净种,以玉米/大豆2∶2间作时其复合产量最高;间作优势取决于间作模式和大豆基因型;玉米/大豆间作复合产量具有极显著的基因型差异;采用较小的行比会影响到大豆叶绿素的合成,导致大豆生物量和产量降低;间作提高了玉米的生物量和产量,尤其是根干重显著增加;间作大豆生长发育具有可塑性,干重冠根比与净种时趋向一致。结果表明采用适宜的大豆品种,确定合理的间作比例,有利于发挥间作的群体产出能力和效益。Intereropping with soybean and maize are common agronomic practices in many labor-intensive cultivation areas and countries. In this study, four soybeans cuhivars with different growth stages and one maize variety were used to intereropped with four cultivation patterns 2： 1,3： 2, 4：2 （ row ratios of soybean and maize）, and the chlorophyll content, yield and the change of main agronomic traits of intercrop- ping system in acidic red soil were analyzed, respectively. The results showed that, the soybean-maize intereropping system had very obvious productive advantages, and the yield was significantly higher than monoeuhure with the highest yield in the intereropping patterns of the ratio of 2：2 with soybean and maize, and the productive advantage depended on the interactions between the soybean genotypes and the cultivation patterns. Great genotypic variations were observed for yield of the intereropping system. The smaller line ratio could affect synthesis of soy- bean chlorophyll content and resulted in lower biomass and yield. In the intercropping system, biomass and yield of maize increased, espe- cially dry root weight. There existed soybean root plasticity, the ratio of stem and root was close to agreement between intereropping and mon- oculture. The results showed that it helped to bring the production ability and benefits when the appropriate soybean varieties and the cultiva- tion patterns in the maize/soybean intercrepping were used.

关 键 词：大豆 玉米 间作优势 生物量 产量 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学] S565.1