总日射表热偏移订正方法研究进展  

Progresses in Researches on Physical Mechanisms and Thermal Offset Correction Method

作　　者：程兴宏[1] 杨云[2] 宋建洋[3] 权继梅[2] 丁蕾[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局公共气象服务中心,北京100081 [2]中国气象局气象探测中心,北京100081 [3]中国气象科学研究院,北京100081

出　　处：《气象科技》2013年第1期1-7,共7页Meteorological Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目"中国大气本底站总日射表热偏移物理机制及订正方法研究"(40905071)资助

摘　　要：准确的太阳总辐射测量对于校准卫星观测数据、验证辐射传输模式以及研究气候变化、定量评估太阳能资源是非常重要的。由于大部分总日射表采用热电堆原理制成,环境热噪声不可避免地影响了总日射表的测量精度,造成"热偏移"误差。近年来随着气候变化研究的深入开展,对于地面观测辐射的精度要求越来越高,有关总日射表热偏移物理机制及其订正方法的研究引起了国内外诸多学者的关注。该文综述了国内外有关研究进展:①总日射表热偏移的提出;②总日射表热偏移特征及其物理机制;③总日射表热偏移订正方法。并对存在的问题进行适当的评述,从而为我国的国产总辐射表热偏移物理机制及其订正方法的研究工作提供一定的参考和启示。Accurate global radiation measured by pyranometer is very important for correcting radiation datasets observed by satellites, validating outputs of radiation transport model, climate change research, and quantitative evaluation of solar energy resources. Because most of pyranometers are made based the thermopile principle, the accuracy of global radiation measurement by pyranometers is impacted by all kinds of thermal noise inevitably. Namely there are thermal offsets in global radiation data observed by pyranometers. With the deepgoing of climate change researches in recent years, the accuracy requirement of ground measurements of the total solar radiation is higher. Many researchers at home and overseas have paid close attention to the researches on physical mechanisms and thermal offset correction methods of pyranometers. The following aspects are reviewed： （1） the discovery of thermal offsets of pyranometers; （2） progresses in characteristics and physical mechanisms of thermal offsets of pyranometers; （3） progresses in correction methods of thermal offsets. Appropriate comments about existing problems and research direction are given, and revelation about researches on physical mechanisms and thermal offset correction methods of homemade pyranometers are provided.

关 键 词：总日射表 热偏移 物理机制 订正方法 

分 类 号：P456.7[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]