基于ISO模型的在校大学生创业意向  

Student entrepreneurial intentions in Chinese universities based on the ISO model

作　　者：向辉[1,2] 雷家骕[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学经济管理学院,北京100084 [2]清华大学学生处,北京100084

出　　处：《清华大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第1期122-128,138,共8页Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology)

基　　金：中国高等教育学会重点专项规划课题;教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目(09JZD0034-1)

摘　　要：该文研究在校大学生创业意向的影响因素,建立了ISO(创业意向-主观因素-客观因素)模型,将有关因素分为主观因素和客观因素这2个部分。在对全国多地域省份、多类别行业的25所高校的问卷调研收回的5 784个有效问卷基础上,该文运用结构方程模型方法,验证了广义创业态度主观因素包括创业动机、创业环境感知和创业要素认知这3个变量,检验了这3个变量对创业意向的影响程度。该文还运用T检验和方差分析的方法,分个体社会背景和创业教育这2个方面检验了个体背景客观因素对创业意向的影响程度;由此验证了ISO模型的有效性。研究结果表明:大学生创业意向受到多因素复杂作用,创业动机和创业环境感知正向影响创业意向,创业要素认知负向影响创业意向,且创业动机、创业环境感知和创业要素认知两两正相关;创业教育可以显著正向影响大学生创业意向。This study uses an ISO （entrepreneurial intention-subjective factor-objective factor） model to identify key factors influencing the entrepreneurial intentions of students at Chinese universities based on subjective and objective factors. A survey was conducted with 5 784 valid samples from students at 25 different types of universities in several regions. A structural equation model showed that the generalized entrepreneurial attitudes were based on three variables, entrepreneurial motivation, entrepreneurial environment perception and cognition of entrepreneurial factors. The influences of these three variables on the student＇s entrepreneurial intentions were then analyzed. T test and ANOVO were then used to examine the influences of these objective factors on the entrepreneurial intentions in terms of their personal background and entrepreneurial education.The results validate the ISO model and show that the entrepreneurial intention of university students is affected by multiple factors with positive factors such as entrepreneurial motivation and entrepreneurial environment perception and negative factors such as cognition of entrepreneurial factors with positive correlations among those three factors. In addition, entrepreneurial education has a significant positive effect on the entrepreneurial intentions of university students.

关 键 词：创业意向 广义创业态度 个体背景 ISO模型 大学生 

分 类 号：F224.7[经济管理—国民经济]