船舶压载水中海洋微生物的羟基自由基致死特性研究  

Treatment characteristics of marine microalgae hydroxyl radicals in ship′s ballast water

作　　者：薛晓红[1] 张芝涛[1] 白敏冬[2] 张拿慧[1] 田一平[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连海事大学高气压强电场电离放电辽宁省重点实验室,大连116026 [2]厦门大学环境与生态学院,厦门361005

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2013年第3期749-753,共5页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.50877005);国家杰出青年科学基金项目(No.61025001);国际科技合作项目(No.2010DFA61470);国家高技术研究发展(863)计划(No.2012AA062609);中央高校基本科研业务费(No.2011QN63;2012QN067)~~

摘　　要：鉴于当前尚无一种有效治理压载水中外来有害生物入侵的方法,为解决这一难题,本文采用高级氧化技术,即生成高浓度羟基溶液的方法治理船舶压载水中的海洋微生物.研究主要是利用介质阻挡强电离放电的方法,将空气中的O2和海水中H2O电离离解成.OH等氧化自由基,溶于海水中形成高浓度羟基溶液.同时,实验以羟基致死压载水中的湛江等鞭金藻、牟氏角毛藻和大肠杆菌为例进行了研究.结果表明:羟基致死微生物的阈值为0.6 mg·L-1,主要是破坏了藻类体内的叶绿素,进而导致藻类的死亡.Currently, there is no effective method to treat the introduced algaes and bacteria in the ship＇s ballast water. To solve this problem, the method of advanced oxidation technology producing high-concentration hydroxyl radical solution was used to treat marine microorganisms. With strong ionization discharge, 02 in air and H2 0 in seawater could be ionized and dissociated into a number of activate particles such as hydroxyl radicals （ ·OH） , which can dissolve into seawater （a part of ballast water） to form the high concentration ·OH solution. With the high reaction rate and broad -spectrum lethal characteristic, ·OH radicals could kill the introduced microorganisms through dissociative radical reactions in the course of both discharging and inputting the ballast water, without the pollution by medicament. In this study, lsochrysis zhanjiangensis, Chaetoceros muelleri and Escherichia coli in ballast water were killed by ·OH radicals. Results indicated that the threshold lethal concentration of ·OH radicals for microorganisms in ballast water was 0.6 mg·L^-1. A-chlorophyll was damaged by ·OH radicals during the treatment, which resulted in the death of algaes.

关 键 词：强电离放电 羟基 压载水 入侵性生物 

分 类 号：X131[环境科学与工程—环境科学]