孔颖达诗学的价值取向——对经学与文学互动关系的一种探讨  

The Value Orientation of Kong Yingda's Poetics:A Discussion of the Interaction between the Studies of Confucian Classics and Literature

作　　者：韩宏韬[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学人文学院

出　　处：《文史哲》2013年第2期43-52,165-166,共10页Literature,History,and Philosophy

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金资助项目"<毛诗正义>与唐代诗经学"(20100471512)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：孔颖达的文论体系是在对《诗经》等经典的解读过程中建立起来的,目的是将其作为理论工具,使《诗经》的教义更具客观性、合理性和张力性,重树经学的权威。他标举"诗人救世"的诗学纲领;贯通情志说,矫正汉魏六朝以来的悲情观念;赋予比兴新的内涵,使内蕴的义理外化;借重语境说诗,增加经义的可信度。这种价值取向,赋予有唐一代的文学以严肃、健康的主题,预示着盛唐气象的到来,即便是到了晚唐衰乱之世,诗人仍然不忘孔颖达的"针药"之讽喻,用心唱着挽歌。因其文论带有鲜明的经学特质,故在一定程度上限制了审美的发展,但他仍不失为一位卓越的文论家。The literary theory of Kong Yingda was established during the process of interpreting of The Book of Songs and other classics,which was intended as a theoretical tool to endow the teachings in The Book of Songs with more objectivity,rationality and balance,and ultimately to reestablish the credibility of the Confucian classics.Kong held to what we now call the principle of'poets saving the world'.His doctrine brought together and integrated feelings and aspirations and corrected pessimistic outlook that prevailed in the Han,Wei and Six Dynasties period.Kong gave'bi'and'xing'a new connotation,i.e.to express a principle by means of a metaphor.Kong also discussed poems in light of their context so as to increase credibility and reliability of the classics.This value orientation brought both serious and healthy themes to the literature of the Tang Dynasty,which heralded an age of flourishing literature.Even in the troubled times of the late Tang Dynasty,the poets still remembered Kong Yingda's allegory of'acupuncture and medicine',and sang the sorrowful elegy from their hearts.Kong's literary theory embodied distinctive Confucian classics characteristics,which to a certain extent compromised its aesthetic values.Nevertheless,Kong still can be regarded as an excellent literary theorist.

关 键 词：孔颖达 诗学 价值取向 互动关系 

分 类 号：I207.22[文学—中国文学]