攻击行为对儿童受欺负的预测:社会喜好的中介效应及性别差异  

Children's Aggression and Victimization:Mediating Effect of Social Preference and its Gender Difference

作　　者：孙晓军[1,2] 张永欣[1,2] 周宗奎[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]青少年网络心理与行为教育部重点实验室,武汉430079 [2]华中师范大学心理学院暨湖北省人的发展与心理健康重点实验室,武汉430079

出　　处：《心理科学》2013年第2期383-389,共7页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(11YJC190020)的资助

摘　　要：以455名武汉某小学四、五、六年级的儿童为被试,采用同伴提名法、班级戏剧问卷,考察了社会喜好在不同类型攻击行为与受欺负之间的中介效应及性别差异。结果表明:(1)小学儿童的外部攻击、关系攻击、社会喜好与受欺负之间均存在显著相关;其中男生的外部攻击与社会喜好、关系攻击与社会喜好的相关系数均显著高于女生;(2)小学儿童在外部攻击和社会喜好维度上得分存在显著的性别差异,男生的外部攻击得分显著高于女生,社会喜好得分显著低于女生;(3)社会喜好分别在外部攻击、关系攻击与受欺负之间存在中介效应,且中介模型中的路径系数存在性别差异。在外部攻击模型中,男生的外部攻击对其社会喜好的预测作用显著高于女生,而外部攻击对其受欺负的预测作用显著低于女生,社会喜好对受欺负的预测系数不存在性别差异;在关系攻击模型中,男生的关系攻击对其社会喜好的预测作用显著高于女生,关系攻击对受欺负的预测不存在性别差异,男生的社会喜好对其受欺负的预测显著低于女生。Based on the previous research, the social roles hypothesis and peer - socialization model（ Rose ＆ Rudolph, 2006）, the present study supposes that the discussion of whether or how social preference and different kinds of aggression（ overt aggression and re- lational aggression）interact in influencing children~ victimization and of the gender difference in the interaction is of great significance for more accurate understanding of the occurrence mechanism of children ＇s victimization and the more effective intervention. So, the main purpose of this study is to test the mediating effects of social preference between overt aggression, relational aggression and victimi- zation separately and their gender differences. The present study selected 455 children（251 boys and 204 girls） from grade 4 to grade 6 as participants from elementary school in Wuhan. Data on social preference were coUected through peer nomination of liking and disliking, whereas data on overt aggression, re- lational aggression and victimization were measured through the Class Play Questionnaire by Masten. The results were as follows： 1. The correlation among all the variables were significant, and the correlation between overt aggression and social preference （Zr= 4. 669, p 〈. 001 ）, relational aggression and social preference （Zr = 3. 452, p 〈. 001 ） for boys were higher than for girls. 2. The gender differences were significant in overt aggression and social preference （ F = 12. 521, p 〈. 001 ）. To be specific, overt aggression in boys were higher than in girls （Mboys =. 032, Mgirls =. 020, F = 7. 166, df= 1, p 〈. 01 ）, social preference in girls were higher than in boys（Mboys = -. 009, Mgirls =0. 011, F =5.015, df= 1, p 〈. 01 ）. 3. There were mediating effeets of social preference between overt aggression and victimization as well as between relational aggres- sion and victimization, and the gender difference of mediating effects were significant. In the overt aggression model, overt aggressio

关 键 词：外部攻击 关系攻击 社会喜好 受欺负 性别差异 中介 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]