弱智儿童自发性话语中的情感韵律研究  

Affective Prosody in Children Suffering from Mental Retardation in Spontaneous Speech

作　　者：王芳[1] 梁丹丹[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学文学院,南京210097

出　　处：《心理科学》2013年第2期401-405,共5页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：国家社科基金重大招标项目(10&ZD126);国家社科基金青年项目(11CYY022);江苏高校优势学科建设工程项目的资助

摘　　要：本文用提取声学参数的方法,采用故事讲述任务对弱智儿童自发性话语中的情感韵律进行研究。通过与两组典型发展儿童-实际年龄匹配组和语言能力匹配组进行比较,探究了弱智儿童自发性话语中情感韵律表达情况。结果发现:(1)弱智儿童的情感韵律存在损伤,音高范围和元音时长均有表现;(2)弱智儿童的情感韵律与词汇和句法发展不同步,具有模块性。This paper analyses the expressive affective prosody of children who suffer from mental retardation （MR） in comparison with normal children in spontaneous speech, in the hopes of furthering research in the following： （ 1 ） whether or not there is a damage to the affective prosody of MR; and （2） whether the development of the affective prosody of MR develops with vocabulary, syntax and other linguistic factors. For the experiment, 18 MR children were chosen, 18 normal children were chose whomatched the MR group in chron- ological age （CA）, 18 normal children were chose who matched the MR group in language abilities （LA）. Subjects were required to speak a narrative using the picture book Frog, Where are you （Mayer, 1969）. Data were collected from each child individually in a quiet room; the voice recorder recorded the spontaneous speech of the children during the entire narrative task and intercepted the cli- max of the narrative as the experiment material. The research used the cross - platform multifunction phonetic software PRAAT; the pitch range and vowel duration of the climax section were extracted as the two major influences in affective prosody, the data from which was used to make a database in Microsoft Excel, then SPSS 15.0 was used for statistical analyses. A one - way ANOVA was adopted. The results showed that the pitch range of the MR group showed a significant difference compared to the two normal groups, p = . 001, significantly higher than the two normal groups. With regard to the vowel duration, the MR group showed a significant difference from the CA group, p = . 001. But the difference from the LA group was not significant, p = . 454. Both the MR and the LA groups were found to use significantly longer vowels than the CA group. According to the experimental data, the following conclusions were made： in spontaneous speech, （ 1 ） The affective prosody of MR children shows a damage, displaying atypical characteristics, the difference in pitch range being the most aty

关 键 词：弱智儿童 情感韵律 音高范围 元音时长 模块性 

分 类 号：G764[文化科学—特殊教育学]