1960—2010年甘肃省不同气候区SPI与Z指数的年及春季变化特征  

Variation characteristics of annual and spring standardized precipitation index and Z index in different climate regions of Gansu Province, Northwest China in 1960-2010

作　　者：陈丽丽[1] 刘普幸[1] 姚玉龙[1] 朱晓娟[1] 赵敏丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2013年第3期704-711,共8页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40961035);甘肃省科技计划基金项目(0803RJZA094);甘肃省级重点学科自然地理学项目资助

摘　　要：根据甘肃省1960—2010年26个气象站点的日降水资料,利用标准化降水指标(SPI)和Z指数,对比分析了51年来甘肃省不同气候区年及春季干旱的变化特征。结果表明:甘肃省年SPI和Z指数总体为河西冷、暖气候区及祁连山区呈增加趋势,其中河西西部暖温带干旱区增加幅度最大,SPI和Z指数变化倾向率均为0.13·(10a)-1;陇中南、北气候区及甘南区呈降低趋势,以陇中南部冷温带半湿润区减小幅度最大,SPI为-0.13·(10a)-1,Z为-0.14·(10a)-1。初春的干旱等级变化呈降低趋势,陇中南部冷温带半湿润区降低幅度最大,SPI为-0.12·(10a)-1,Z为-0.06·(10a)-1;春季SPI和Z指数与年变化趋势一致。年代际变化为河西60年代、河东90年代出现严重干旱。不同气候区变化不同,河西冷、暖气候区及祁连山区的干旱指数变化率为正值,干旱程度减小,春季干旱弱于年变化,而陇中南、北气候区及甘南区则为负值,干旱程度增加,春季干旱强于年变化。甘肃省干旱的空间分布差异性显著,表现为自西北向东南递增的趋势。Based on the 1960-2010 daily precipitation data from 26 meteorological stations in Gansu Province of Northwest China, and by using standardized precipitation index （SPI） and Z index, this paper analyzed the variation characteristics of the annual and spring drought in differ- ent climate regions of the Province in recent 51 years. Overall, the annual SPI and Z index in the Province presented an increasing trend in the cool and warm climate regions of Hexi and in the Qilian Mountains, with the greatest increment in the arid areas of western warm temperate zone in Hexi, and the change tendency rate of both SPI and Z index being 0. 13 ~ （10a）-l, and a decreasing trend in the semi-humid region of southern cold temperate zone of Longzhong, semi- arid region of northern cold temperate zone of Longzhong, and humid region of alpine Gannan, with the greatest decrement in the semi-humid region of southern cold temperate zone of Long- zhong, and the change tendency rate of SPI and Z being -0. 13· （10a）-1 and -0. 14· （10a）-1, respectively. The drought degree in early spring showed a decreasing trend, with the greatest decrement in the semi-humid region of southern cold temperate zone of Longzhong, and the change tendency rate of SPI and Z being -0.12 · （ 10a）-1 and -0.06 · （ 10a）-1, respec- tively. The annual and spring SPI and Z index had the same variation trends. Severe drought oc- curred in Hexi in the 1960s and in Hedong in the 1990s. In the cool and warm climate regions of Hexi and in the Qilian Mountains, the change rate of drought index was positive, the drought degree decreased, and the change degree of spring drought was smaller than that of annual drought ; whereas in the semi-humid region of southern cold temperate zone of Longzhong, semi-arid region of northern cold temperate zone of Longzhong, and humid region of alpine Gannan, the change rate of drought index was negative, the drought degree exacerbated, and the change degree of spring drought was greater than that of annual droug

关 键 词：甘肃省 干旱 标准化降水指标 Z指数 

分 类 号：X16[环境科学与工程—环境科学]