2005—2009年广西地区群发与散发急性中毒人口学特征  

Demographic Characteristics of Epidemic and Sporadic Acute Poisonings in Guangxi,2005-2009

作　　者：蒋东方[1] 刘清华[2] 陈雪冬[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区职业病防治研究院,广西南宁530021 [2]广西医科大学基础医学院,广西南宁530021

出　　处：《环境与职业医学》2013年第3期200-201,共2页Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine

基　　金：广西壮族自治区卫生厅重点项目(编号:重200932)

摘　　要：[目的]探讨广西地区群发与散发急性中毒人群特点，为制定针对性的地区防控对策提供依据。[方法]收集广西11个市的36家市级医院、12家县级医院及15家乡镇卫生院在2005--2009年间收治的急性中毒病例，其中群发组641例、散发组5369例，作分类比较分析。[结果]群发组人群，女性、年龄〈25岁、小学学历、职业为学生、城镇者构成比最高，分别为56．79％、62．40％、32．63％、34．32％、59．47％。散发组人群，女性、年龄26一岁、中学学历、职业为务农、农村者构成比最高，分别占52．71％、56．79％、45．43％、50．78％、64．37％。两组调查对象性别、年龄、学历、职业及地区构成均不同（P均〈0．05）。[结论]广西的群发性与散发性急性中毒在人群构成方面具有明显区别，群发性急性中毒以城镇的低龄在校学生为主，而散发性急性中毒则以农村26～岁的务农者为主。应在此基础上作进一步的中毒过程、中毒环境、中毒原因与毒物的比较研究。[ Objective ] To study the demographic characteristics of epidemic and sporadic acute poisonings in Guangxi areas, and to provide basis for preventive and control countermeasures in these areas. [ Methods ] Data on patients involved with epidemic （n=641） and sporadic （n=5 369） acute poisonings during 2005-2009 were retrieved from 36 municipal hospitals, 12 county level hospitals, and 15 township health centers across 11 cities of Guangxi for comparative analysis. [ Results ] In the epidemic acute poisoning events, the proportion of female （56.79%）, 〈25 years old （62.40%）, primary school education level （32.63%）, students （34.32%）, and urban residents （59.47%） were higher than the other corresponding categories. In the sporadic acute poisoning events, the proportion of female （52.71%）, 〉26 years old （56.79%）, middle school education level （45.43%）, farmers （50.78%）, and rural residents （64.37%） were higher than the other corresponding categories. There were significant differences in gender, age group, education level, occupation, and residential location between the epidemic and the sporadic acute poisoning cases （P 〈 0.05）. [ Conclusion ] The differences in demographic characteristics are obvious between patients with epidemic and sporadic acute poisonings in Guangxi. Young students in urban areas account for the largest proportion of patients with epidemic acute poisonings, and farmers over 26 years old in rural areas account for the largest population of patients with sporadic acute poisonings. Further studies should be made to compare poisoning processes, environment, causes, and toxicants between epidemic and sporadic acute poisoning cases.

关 键 词：群发性 散发性 急性中毒 人口学特征 

分 类 号：R155.3[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]