芥菜型油菜与埃塞俄比亚芥杂种基因组原位杂交分析  

GISH Analysis of Interspecific Hybrid between Brassica juncea and B.carinata

作　　者：杨续蕊[1] 李勤菲[1] 葛贤宏[2] 李再云[2] 钱伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学农学与生物科技学院/重庆市油菜工程技术研究中心,北碚400715 [2]华中农业大学/作物遗传改良国家重点实验室,武汉430070

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2013年第2期329-333,共5页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金：国家自然基金面上项目(31171585)

摘　　要：原产于非洲的埃塞俄比亚芥(Brassica carinata,2n=34,BBCC)具有适应于炎热干旱地区种植等特点,是改良我国芥菜型油菜(B.juncea,2n=36,AABB)的重要种质资源。本研究用基因组原位杂交方法(GISH,Genomic in situ hybridization)分析了芥菜型油菜与埃塞俄比亚芥种间杂种花粉母细胞的染色体分离,发现在后期I染色体主要以17∶18类型分离,其次是16∶19,染色体落后现象偶然发生,其中B染色体组以8∶8的分离比率较高,表明不同来源的B染色体可正常配对分离。本研究表明,芥菜型油菜与埃塞俄比亚芥远缘杂交,通过染色体同源重组(B染色体间),以及部分同源染色体配对交换的方式(A、B、C基因组间),有可能将埃塞俄比亚芥优良遗传成分转移到芥菜型油菜中。Brasslca carinata originating from Africa with good adaptation in drought and hot environments is an important genetic source to improve B. juncea,which has been widely sown in the northwest of China. The technique of genomic in situ hybridization（GISH） was adopted to investigate the chromosome segregation of interspecific hybrid （ACBB,2n = 35）between B. juncea and B. carinata during meiosis stage. The predominant segregation pattern of chromosomes was 17：18 in pollen mother cells（PMCs） ,followed by 16： 19,while lagged chromosomes were occa- sionally observed. And the major segregation pattern of B-genome chromosomes from two species was 8： 8. The re- suits suggested that it would be possible to transfer the genetic component of B. carinata into B. juncea via homolo- gous recombination within B genome and homologous recombination among three genomes.

关 键 词：芥菜型油菜 埃塞俄比亚芥 染色体分离 基因组原位杂交 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学]