埃塞俄比亚芥与芥蓝杂交获得异源三倍体及其细胞学研究  

Synthesis and Cytological Studies of Allotriploid Interspecies between Brassica carinata and Chinese Kale

作　　者：罗双霞[1] 张成合[1] 陈雪平[1] 申二巧[1] 申书兴[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学园艺学院,保定071001

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2013年第2期361-366,共6页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金资助项目(C2009000543)

摘　　要：以埃塞俄比亚芥(2n=4x=BBCC=34)和芥蓝(2n=2x=CC=18)为材料,通过相互杂交获得了异源三倍体(2n=3x=BCC=26)。该异源三倍体生长势较强;叶色等介于双亲之间;株型、花型和花大小偏向于埃塞俄比亚芥;花色与芥蓝的相同,为白花。减数分裂观察表明:在终变期,一般形成9个二价体和8个单价体(9Ⅱ+8Ⅰ),且B、C两组染色体表现出一定程度的分群现象;中期Ⅰ,CC基因组的9个二价体排列在赤道板上,而B组的8个单价体游离在赤道板周围;后期Ⅰ分到两极的染色体以13/13和12/14占多数,偶见落后的染色体。该BCC异源三倍体的获得为创建CC+B染色体的异附加系和研究B、C基因组间的亲缘关系奠定了基础。The allotriploid interspecies （BCC） were obtained by reciprocal crosses between Brassica carinata （2n = 4x = BBCC = 34） and Chinese kale （2n = 2x = CC = 18）. The interspecies displayed a stronger growth than that of parents and intermediated to the leaf color of their parents. The plant type, flower shape, and flower color ten- ded to parent B. Carinata and the white flower color was the same as that of Chinese kale. Meiosis observation of the allotriploid showed that 9 bivalents and 8 univalents （9 Ⅱ ＋ 8 Ⅰ ） were formed at diakinesis stage and the two kind of chromosomes （B and C） tended to separate into two groups. At metaphase Ⅰ stage,9 bivalents of CC genome ar- ranged on equatorial plane and 8 univalents of B genome distributed around the equatorial plane. While at anaphase Ⅰstage,the distributions of chromosomes with 13/13 or 12/14 were in the majority, including occasionally back- ward chromosomes. Obtaining of this allotriploid （BCC） provided an important material for production of CC ＋ B alien addition lines and study of chromosome homology between B and C genomes.

关 键 词：埃塞俄比亚芥 芥蓝 异源三倍体 减数分裂 

分 类 号：S637[农业科学—蔬菜学]