扩大分度盘加工齿坯齿数范围的精密磨齿工艺  

Precision Gear-Grinding Process for Enlarging Tooth Number Range of Gear Fabricated by Indexing Plate

作　　者：凌四营[1,2] 娄志峰[1,2] 王立鼎[1,2] 马勇[1] 翟仁文[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学精密特种加工教育部重点实验室,大连116024 [2]大连理工大学微纳米技术及系统辽宁省重点实验室,大连116024

出　　处：《纳米技术与精密工程》2013年第2期179-184,共6页Nanotechnology and Precision Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50905026);中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金资助项目(DUT11RC(3)40);中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2012M510801)

摘　　要：分度盘式分度系统广泛应用于高精度标准齿轮、插齿刀和剃齿刀的磨齿中,然而传统的磨齿工艺限制了分度盘加工齿坯齿数的种类.为扩大分度盘的加工范围,提出了一种应用分度盘分组多次加工齿坯的精密磨齿工艺方法.首先精加工出一组齿数等于分度盘工作槽数的同名齿面为基准齿面;然后根据待加工齿面与基准齿面单一齿距偏差代数和的平均差值或径向跳动偏差代数的平均差值来确定同名齿面中另一组齿面的加工余量,或根据公法线测量跨齿数的奇偶性和公法线的加工余量确定并完成异名齿面的精加工;最后,用上述方法选择已精加工的、误差源较少的齿面为基准齿面依次完成剩余齿面的精加工.设计一组利用工作槽数为20的分度盘,分两组加工齿数为40的标准齿轮试件的精密磨齿实验,采用"差动进给磨齿法"实现了齿面渐开线法向0.2μm量级的微量进给.最终被磨试件的单一齿距偏差不超过0.8μm,齿距累积总偏差不超过1.3μm,均达到齿轮国际标准ISO 1328-1∶1995和国家标准GB/T 10095.1——2008中的最高级精度(0级).精密磨齿实验验证了该磨齿工艺方法的可行性.分度盘分组加工齿坯的磨齿工艺扩大了分度盘加工齿坯齿数的范围,具有重要的工程应用价值.The indexing system with indexing plate is widely used in the gear-grinding of high precision master gears, gear shaper cutters and gear shaving cutters. However, the classical gear-grinding pro- cess limits the kinds of the tooth number of the gear to be ground by using the indexing plate. In order to expand the manufacturing range of the indexing plate, a precision gear-grinding process, which is characterized by multiple processing using the indexing plate, is proposed. Firstly, a group of homony- mous teeth with the tooth number equal to the working-slot number of the indexing plate is finished as the datum teeth, and then the machining allowance of the other group of homonymous teeth to be ground is determined according to the mean differences of gear single pitch deviation or run-out devia-tion between the tooth flank to be ground and the datum tooth flank, or that of the heteronymous teeth to be ground is determined according to the length and the parity of cross teeth number of the common normal length. Finally, finishing is completed by choosing the finished tooth flank with less error sources as the measurement datum. A precision gear-grinding experiment is performed with working-slot number of the indexing plate being 20 and tooth number being 40 by twice processing. The micro-scale feed of about 0.2 μm level is achieved by the proposed differential feed grinding method. At last, the single pitch deviation of the test specimen is not more than 0.8 μm and its total pitch deviation is not more than 1.3 μm, both of which reach the highest grade （grade 0） defined in gear international stan- dard ISO 1328-1：1995 and gear national standard GB/T 10095.1 2008. Precision gear-grinding ex- periment verifies the feasibility of the proposed gear-grinding process which enlarges the tooth number range of the indexing plate and has an important value in engineering application.

关 键 词：分度盘 齿距偏差 分度精度 差动进给 精密磨齿 

分 类 号：TG616[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]