微生物催腐剂对小麦秸秆的催腐效果  

Effect of Microbial Inoculants on Wheat Straw Decomposition

作　　者：龙云鹏[1] 王兆龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学农业与生物学院,上海200240

出　　处：《上海交通大学学报（农业科学版）》2013年第1期41-45,共5页Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University(Agricultural Science)

基　　金：上海市科技兴农项目[沪农科推字(2010)第4-4号]

摘　　要：通过培养箱接种试验比较了6种微生物催腐剂对小麦秸杆的降解效果。结果表明,各催腐剂处理均能显著促进小麦秸杆的降解(P<0.05),其中经哈茨木霉处理的小麦秸杆降解率最高(20.81%),广宇生物腐熟剂处理的小麦秸杆降解率最低(10.84%)。催腐剂发酵培养后产生的水溶物比率以巨景土壤调节剂为最高(12.81%),而发酵培养后产生的中性洗涤剂溶解物比率以人元秸秆快腐剂为最高(13.29%),巨景土壤调节剂产生的水溶物与中性洗涤剂溶解物之和最高(25.90%);所有微生物催腐剂处理后秸杆中的可溶性糖含量均出现显著下降(P<0.05),下降幅度为对照的为25.2%(阿姆斯秸秆腐熟剂)～46.6%(巨景土壤调节剂);所有微生物催腐剂处理后秸杆中的可溶性蛋白含量均显著上升(P<0.05),上升幅度为对照的6.6倍(巨景土壤调节剂)～10.6倍(哈茨木霉),所有微生物催腐剂处理后秸杆中的离子含量也有显著增加(P<0.05)。综合秸杆降解率和发酵培养后产生的可利用营养物质比率分析,巨景土壤调节剂和人元秸秆快腐剂是小麦秸杆有氧发酵培养较好的微生物催腐剂。Culture experiments were conducted to compare the effects of six microbial inoculants on wheat straw decomposition. The result shows that all microbial inoculants treatments promoted wheat straw decomposition significantly （P 〈 0. 05）, with the highest straw decomposition rate of 20. 81% by Trichoderma harzianum and the lowest rate of 10.84% by Guangyu. The highest water soluble nutrients ratio after fermentation was produced by J ujing （12.81%）. The highest neutral detergent soluble nutrients ratio was produced by Renyuan （13. 29%）. The highest total nutrient ratio （water soluble plus neutral detergent soluble nutrients） was produced by Jujing treatment （25. 90%）. Compared with the control treatment, there were significant decline of water soluble sugars after microbial fermentation in all treatments and the decline ranged from 25. 2% （Amms） to 46. 6% （Jujing）. All microbial inoculants treatments led to the significant increase of water soluble proteins by 6. 6 fold （Jujing） to 10. 6 fold （Trichoderma harzianum）, compared with that of the control treatment. All microbial inoculants treatments also resulted in the significant increase of ion content （P〈0. 05）. Based on the integrated analysis of theresults from straw decomposition rate and the nutrients released after fermentation, it is concluded that Jujing and Renyuan were the good candidate microbial inoculants for wheat straw decomposition.

关 键 词：秸秆 降解 生物催腐剂 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]