浙江三门湾浮游动物优势种空间生态位  

Spatial niches of dominant zooplankton species in Sanmen Bay,Zhejiang Province of East China

作　　者：徐晓群[1,2] 曾江宁[2] 陈全震[2] 刘晶晶[2] 杜萍[2] 王桂忠[1] 

机构地区：[1]厦门大学海洋与地球学院,福建厦门361005 [2]国家海洋局第二海洋研究所海洋生态系统与生物地球化学重点实验室,杭州310012

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2013年第3期818-824,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2010CB428903);海洋公益性行业科研专项(201305043-3);浙江省自然科学基金项目(Y5110166);浙江省海水养殖重点科技创新团队项目(2010R50025);国家海洋局第二海洋研究所基本科研业务费专项(JG1221,JG1222)资助

摘　　要：生态位与种间竞争、资源利用密切联系,体现了物种在群落中利用资源的能力.为探明三门湾浮游动物分布格局的形成和影响因素,分别采用Shannon公式和Petrailis指数测定了浮游动物优势种生态位宽度和生态位重叠,并通过典范对应分析研究生态位分化状况.结果表明:百陶带箭虫、背针胸刺水蚤、短尾类幼虫等沿岸种的空间生态位较宽,而肥胖软箭虫、中华假磷虾等外海种的空间生态位较窄;具有捕食-被捕食关系的不同类群物种(如箭虫、仔鱼和水母分别与桡足类)有较高的生态位重叠,而同一类群物种(如桡足类及箭虫)间的生态位重叠值较低;浮游动物分布受温度、盐度和叶绿素a的影响较大,受营养盐影响较小.浮游动物空间生态位与生活类型、种间竞争、摄食等多种因素相关.Ecological niche has close relations with inter-species competition and resources utiliza- tion, and thus, can be used as an indicator to symbolize the resources utilization capability of cer- tain groups of related species. In this paper, the niche breadth and overlap of the dominant zoo- plankton species in the Sanmen Bay of Zhejiang were determined by Shannon＇s formula and Petraitis index, respectively, and the differentiation of the niche was studied by canonical correspondence analysis （CCA）, aiming to approach the distribution features of coastal zooplankton and related af- fecting factors in the Bay. In the study area, some coastal species such as Zonosagitta bedoti, Cen- tropages dorsispinatus, and brachyuran larvae had wider niche breadth than the pelagic species such as Flaccisagitta enflata and Pseudeuphausia sinica, and the species of different groups with prey- predator relation had a greater niche overlap than those of the same groups without this relation. The CCA analysis showed that the spatial distribution of the zooplankton was more affected by water tem- perature, salinity, and chlorophyll a content rather than nutrients. The spatial niche of the zoo- plankton species was correlated with their living habit, inter-species competition, and prey- preda- tor relationship.

关 键 词：浮游动物 生态位 竞争 捕食-被捕食 典范对应分析 三门湾 

分 类 号：Q958.8[生物学—动物学]